英语1

In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.

If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important – and that has happened in some cases – we are as badly off as before, only in reverse. It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism” – but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit – nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.

The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.

Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义）has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent （相关的，切题的） not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.

21. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is _________________. A) fundamental to a sound democracy B) not pertinent to healthy family life C) responsible for Momism

D) what we have almost given up

22. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that ___________.

A) the role of the father may become an inferior one’ B) the role of the mother may become an inferior one

C) the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of sexes D) sharing leads to constant arguing

23. The author states that bringing up children ________________. A) is mainly the mother’s job

B) belongs among the duties of the father C) is the job of schools and churches D) involves a partnership of equals

24. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is ____________________.

A) minor because he is an ineffectual parent

B) irrelevant to the healthy development of the child C) pertinent to the healthy development of the child D) identical to the role of the child’s mother

25. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?

A) A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society. B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.

C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory. D) A woman’s place in the home – now as always. Passage three

More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.

It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.

Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.

Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.

Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential （保密）records right under the noses of the company’s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere. 31. It can be concluded from the passage that _______________. A) it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today

B) people commit computer crimes at the request of their company

C) computer criminals escape punishment because they can’t be detected

D) computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions

32. It is implied in the third paragraph that _________________.

A) most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luck B) the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem C) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes D) many more computer crimes go undetected that are discovered 33. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage? A) A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced

B) Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation

C) Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation D) Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information 34. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught? A) With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job. B) They may walk away and easily find another job. C) They will be denied access to confidential records D) They must leave the country to go to jail.

35. The passage is mainly about _________________.

A) why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment

B) why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections

C) how computer criminals mange to get good recommendations from their former employers

D) why computer crimes can’t be eliminated 答案：

21-25 AADCA 31-35 DDBBD