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PartⅡListeningComprehension
SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.
Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.
Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.
Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).
ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
ConversationOne
M:WelcometotheBookClub.
Today'sguestisSusanLane,theauthorofanewbookonpersonalfinancesthathasalreadysoldhalfamillioncopies.Hi,Susan,yourbookisextremelysuccessful.Whydoyouthink
thatis?
W:Ithinkthat'sbecauseofmymessage,whichismakinghappinessapriorityovermoney.
Somanyofusinmygenerationhavespentdecadestryingtoearnmoremoneyjusttoconsumemore,butitmadeusmoremiserable.M:Youyourselfwereoncecaughtinthatcycle,workingfortwodecadesasanexecutiveandearningahighsalary,butstillaccumulatingdebt.
W:Imostcertainlywas.Iearnedmillions,butbythetimeIquitmyjobfouryearsagotobecomeawriter,Iowedover$30,000.
M:Sohowdidyouescapethatpattern?Andwhatwouldyouadviseotherpeopletodo?
W:Thefirstchangeisinwhatwevalue.
Weneedtoemphasizethingsthatactuallymakeushappy,likerelationships,theenvironmentorevenourhobbies.
Oncewemaketherightthingsourpriority,ourgoalswillchangeandsowillourfinancialbehavior.M:Howdoesthattranslateintopracticalaction?
Canyougiveouraudienceexamplesofwhatyouaretalkingaboutonaneverydaybasis?
W:Themajorareasforactionareusuallyhousing,foodand
transportation.
Sopeoplemightshareahomewithfriendsinsteadoflivingontheirown,bringlunchfromhomeinsteadofgoingtorestaurants,andusepublictransportinsteadofowningacar.M:Thosesoundlikemajorsacrifices.
Icouldneversharemyhome.Ineedmyownspace.W:Buttheyaren'tsacrifices.
Whenpeoplechangetheirvalues,theirdesireschange.Sointheexampleofhousing,ifwevaluerelationships,sharingahomeisn'tdeprivingourselvesofspace,butgivingusanopportunitytospendmoretimewithourlovedones.M:Indeeditis.
Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
1.Whatmessagedoesthewomanconveyinherbook?
2.Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanbeforeshebecameawriter?3.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutone'sfinancialbehavior?4.Whatdoesthemansayaboutsharingahome?
ConversationTwo
W:Thankyouforinvitingmetothegallery,Christopher.Ihaven'tvisitedheresinceyourpredecessor'sretirement
functioned.
M:Wouldyouliketoseethenewestadditionstoourcollectionfirst,Catherine?
W:ArethosethelandscapesbyDanielGregory?Iabsolutelyadoreherwork.
M:Thisfirstpiecewasagifttothegalleryfromtheartistherself,andit'squiteexquisite.
W:Ilovehowshedepictsthebarrenlandscape.Thecolourscomplementeachotherperfectly.M:Youcansensethedesolationinthepicture.
ThispiecewasinspiredbyGregory'srecenttrekintheGobiDesert.
W:Andhowdidyouobtainherotherpieceoverhere?M:Itwaspurchasedatauctionbyananonymouscollectorwholentittothegalleryfordisplay.
Thiscompositionisoneofhermostacclaimedpaintings.W:Itmusthavecostthatcollectorasmallfortunetopurchasethis.
M:Obviously.Ican'tdisclosetheexactamounthepaid,butitwassubstantial.
W:There'ssomuchdetailinthispainting.
IfeellikeIcanreallyimmersemyselfinthescene.
Iparticularlylikethesymmetrycreatedbythereflectionofthemountaininthelake.
M:ThisparticularpiecewastheonethatwasnominatedforaGatewayAward.
IwasluckyenoughtoattendtheawardceremonyasGregory'sguest.
W:Soyouknowherpersonally.Iassumesheisaneccentricartist.
M:Quitetheopposite.Infact,she'snotatalleccentric.Iwouldsayshe'soneofthemosteasygoingandintelligentpeopleIknow.
W:I'dlovetobeabletomeether.
TherearesomanyquestionsI'dliketoask.
M:Whatacoincidence!I'mmeetingherfordinnertonight.Wouldyouliketocomealong?W:I'dloveto.Thankyou.
Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
5.Whatdowelearnaboutoneofthenewestadditionstothegallery'scollection?
6.WhatdoesthemansayaboutoneofthemostacclaimedpaintingsbyDanielGregory?
7.Whydoesthewomansayshecanfeelimmersedinthesceneinthepainting?
8.HowdoesthemandescribeDanielGregory?
SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.
Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.
Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).
ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Forgivenessisthereleaseofresentmentoranger.Forgivenessdoesn'tmeanreconciliation.
Wedon'thavetoreturntothesamerelationship,nordowehavetoacceptthesameharmfulbehaviorsfromanoffender.Forgivenessisvitallyimportantforthementalhealthofcertainvictims.
Itpropelspeopleforwardratherthankeepingthememotionallyengagedinaninjusticeortrauma.
Carryingthehurtorangerofanoffenseleadsthebodytoreleasestresschemicals.
Eliminatingtheperpetualflowofthosechemicalsmayalsoexplainwhyforgivenessprovidesphysicalhealthbenefits.Therearescenariosinwhichforgivenessisnotthebestcourse.Sometimesthevictimbecomesmoreempoweredwhentheygivethemselvespermissionnottoforgive.Forgivenesscanbechallenging.
Thisisespeciallytruewhentheoffendingpartyoffersaninsincereapology,ormaybetheyhaven'tofferedanythingatall.
However,it'softenthehealthiestpathforward.
It'simportanttocultivateforgivenessbydevelopingcompassionfortheoffender,reflectonwhethertheiractwasduetomaliciousintent,orwhetheritwascausedbychallengingcircumstancesintheoffender'slife.Whataboutforgivingourselves?
Wesometimesneedtotakeresponsibilityformistakes,butintenseguiltandshamearen'tadesirableoutcomeinthelongrun.
Forgivingyourselfmayseemlikeanambiguousprocess.Youcanbeginbyacknowledgingthatyouareatfault。Take
responsibilityforthehurtyoucaused,thenreflectonwhytheeventoccurred.
Drawthelessonsyoulearnedandtrytoavoidcommittingasimilaroffenseinthefuture.
Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutforgiveness?10.Whenisforgivenessespeciallychallenging?
11.Whatshouldonedoinordertoforgivetheoffender?
PassageTwo
TheGlasgowsubwayfirstopenedin1896asacable-hauledsystem.
Itisgenerallyrecognizedastheworld'sthirdundergroundrailway,afterLondonandBudapest.
Initslonghistory,ithasneverbeenexpanded,remainingasasinglelooplinewithamere15stations.
Atitspeak,itservedtheshipyardworkersonthesouthsideofthecity.
Inthe1960s,therewasadeclineintheshipbuildingindustry,andthepopularityofprivatetransportgrew.Asaresult,thesubwaysawarapiddeclineinridership.Itranwithlittlefurtherchangeuntil1977whenitsnew
operatorscloseditformajormodernizationinvestment.Carriageswerereplaced,ventilationwasimproved,andthemaindepotwasalsorenovatedandfittedwithconnectingtrackstoreplacetheoutdatedcranetransfermechanism.
ThesubwayinitspresentformreopenedforoperationinApril1980.
Sinceitsrelaunch,thesubwayhasseenarevivalinitsfortunes.
Itservesasaviablealternativetootherformsoftransportandhasgonealongwaytoalleviatetrafficjamsinthecitycentre.
In1996,thesystemreachedanimportantmilestone—100years.
Tocommemoratethespecialevent,thecolourschemeofthetraincarriageswasupdated.
Recently,high-techsystemssuchassmartcardticketingmachinesandsmartgatesareusedacrossallsubwaystations.Thesmartcardprovidesmoreconvenienttravelandpassengerssimplytopuptheircardsandtapthemtogetinandoutthesubway.
Sinceitslaunch,thetechnologyhasbeenadoptedbymorethan100,000subwaycustomers.
Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheGlasgowsubwayinthe1960s?
13.WhywastheGlasgowsubwayclosedin1977?
14.WhydoestheGlasgowsubwayremainimportanttoday?15.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutallsubwaystationsinGlasgownowadays?
SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.
Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.
Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).
ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
RecordingOne
IfyouvisittheGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark,chancesareyouwillremembertheroadsideorcampgroundbearsaboveallelse.
Bearsarethemostpopularanimalsinanumberofournationalparks.
Inthesemountains,wherethepopulationofbearsrunsintothehundreds,opportunitiestoobservetheselargewildanimalsareplentifulduringthesummer.
Sincenationalparksarewildlifesanctuarieswherenodisturbanceofthenativeanimalsisallowed,yearsofprotectionhaveservedtobreakdownthewildbears'fearofhumans.
Now,insteadofdependingontheirownresourcesforaliving,manybearspatrolparkroadsandcampgrounds.Theygivethegarbagecansafrequentgoingover.Anoccasionalofferoffoodfromaparkvisitor,anillegalanddangerouspractice,makesbeggarsofthem.
Bearsareveryoftenhungryandsincetheywillfeedonalmostanykindofplantoranimal,garbageisquiteacceptable.Feedingthem,however,representsmisguidedkindnessbecausethebearscometoexpectsuchgenerosityfromeveryoneandconsequently,troublecouldlieahead.
Parkrulesprohibitthefeedingofbears.Violatorsarearrested.
Everyyear,doctorswhohaveofficesneartheparktreatanumberofcasesofbearbitesandbearscratches.Someoftheaccidentshavecomeaboutinstrangeways.
Onemanwasintheprocessoffeedingtwosmallcubs,whenthemotherbearappearedandinsisteduponhavingsomeofthefood.
Shovingthebigbearasidewithonehand,themancontinuedfeedingthecubswhensuddenlyhewasstruckafierceblowintheface.
Abear,promptedbythefoodthataladykeptofferingtohim,enteredthecarwherethegenerouspersonwassitting.Hereffortstopushthebearoutofthecarresultedininjuries.Amanrequiredmedicalattentionafterheappliedalightedcigarettetoabear'snose.
Anothermantriedtoboostabearintothefrontseatofhiscarsothathemighttakeapictureofabearsittingbesidehiswifewhowasbehindthewheel.
Becausebearspreferroadsandcampgrounds,thepossibilityofahikermeetingupwithabearalongparktrailsissmall,butthere'salwaysthatchance,forabearseemstoknowifyouarecarryingalunchoracandybar.Hemayeveninsistontakingit.
Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
16.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthebearsinnationalparks
now?
17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutvisitorsfeedingbearsinnationalparks?
18.Whatisthespeaker'sadvicetopeoplewhocarrysomefoodwhilehikingonaparktrail?
RecordingTwo
Whydoweformopinionsorattitudesaboutsomeoneorsomethingwithoutreallyknowingmuchaboutthem?
Justhearingsomethinggoodorbadaboutaperson,aplaceorthingcaninfluenceouropinionspositivelyornegatively.Butlettingtheopinionsofanotherpersondeterminewhatouropinionswillbeisdangerous.
Formingopinionsaboutsomeoneorsomethingbeforereallyknowingthemwelliscalledprejudice.
\"Pre-\"meansbeforeand\"-judice\"referstojudgment.Hence,prejudicemeanstojudgebeforehavingadequateknowledge.
Wecanbeprejudicedtowardoragainstsomeoneorsomething.Ineithercase,weareonlyallowingourselvestoseehalfofthepicture.
Veryfewpeopleorthingsinthisworldareallgoodorall
bad.
Prejudiced
attitudes
are
usually
based
on
myths,
half-truthsorincorrectinformation,andtheyaredangerousbecausetheycankeepusfromlearningthetruthaboutsomeoneorsomething.
Peopleformprejudicesagainstothersformanyreasons—differencesintheirrace,religion,genderoroccupation.Prejudiceskeeppeopleapart.
Theykeepusfromreallyknowingandunderstandingeachother.
Weshouldfeelproudofwhoweareandthegroupofpeoplewerepresent.
Iffeelingsofpridebegintoturntofeelingsofsuperiority,whenwethinkthatourgrouporourbeliefsarebetterthanthosearoundus,however,thenwebegintodevelopprejudicedattitudesthatcanbeharmful.
Forexample,theprejudicedattitudesofonegroupmaykeepanothergroupfromattendingcertainschools,fromlivinginanyneighborhoodtheywant,orfromgettingajoborapromotion.
Extremefeelingsofprejudicehavecausedthedeathsofinnocentpeople.
Weareresponsibleforourownthoughtsandopinions.Whenweletsomeoneelsetelluswhattothinkaboutsomeoneorsomething,wearegivingupsomecontrolofourownlives.Beforeyouformanattitudeoropinion,findoutforyourselfaboutthepersonorthethinginquestion.
Sometimeswedon'trealizethatweholdprejudicedattitudestowardoragainstsomeoneorsomething.
Weneedtocarefullyexamineourlivesandourfears,andtoaskourselveswhetherourattitudescomefromourpersonalknowledgeandexperienceorfromrumorsandfearoftheunknown.Thegoodnewsaboutprejudiceisthatwearenotbornwithit.Prejudicedattitudesandopinionsdevelopovertime.Butwitheducationandknowledge,wecanreplaceourprejudiceswithcooperationandunderstanding.
Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutprejudice?
20.Whydoesthespeakersayprejudicedattitudesaredangerous?
21.Whendoesthespeakersaywebegintodevelopprejudicedattitudes?
RecordingThree
WhenIstartedhighschool,itwasashock.
IhadspenteightyearsfightingmywaytobethemostpopularkidintheCatholicschoolstudentbody.
Ihadbeenabig,tough8thgraderandsuddenlyIwasalonely9thgraderbulliedbythebig,tough12thgradeseniorswhoranthehighschool.
Irealizedthenthatit'snicetostriveforsomething,butthatyoualsohavetoenjoythemomentyou'reinandbehappywhereyouare.
Rockandrollhadalwaysbeenanimportantpartofmylife.IremembermyfriendsandIusedtodrivearounduntilthelatehoursofthenightslisteningtothemusicofRockandRollLegends.
Duringthoseteenageyears,IbuiltfriendshipsthatIthoughtwouldlastalifetime.
Mostpeoplethatagethinkthesamething,butpeopledriftapart.
Jobs,familiesandtragediesseparatepeoplefromthoselastingfriendships.
ThetragedythatseparatedmefrommyfriendsforeverwastheVietnamWar.
AyearafterIgraduatedfromhighschool,IleftforVietnam.
Icameback,burnedoutandtired,asthoughIhadlived10lifetimesintheshortspanof14months,the14monthsIwasinthewar.
Icouldn'trelatetothefriendsIhadhadinhighschool.Theystillseemchildish,concernedwithchildishthingsthatweren'timportanttome.
Iwasstilltryingtocopewiththedeath,destructionandevilIhadseeninVietnam.
Ifeltlikewehaddoneterriblethingstoinnocentpeoplethereandinturn,Ihadseenterriblethingsdonetomyfriends.Iwithdrewfrommyfriendsandstartedcollege.ThenIquitcollegeandtookmanydifferentjobs.Ispentalotofmytimeandmoneyonalcoholandotherdrugs.Finally,inanefforttogetmylifegoingintherightdirectionagain,IsoldeverythingandtookwhatlittlemoneyIhadandboughtmyselfanairplanetickettoIsrael.Iwenttheretostudyhistory.
WhilestudyingatHaifaUniversity,Imetmywife,whowasalsoanAmericanstudent.
InowteachinahighschoolbackinAmerica.
IlookatmystudentsandseethemstrugglingwithmanyoftheverythingsIstruggledwithmanyyearsago.
Asateacher,ItrytohelpthemovertheroughspotsasbestIcan.
Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
22.Howdidthespeakerfeelwhenhestartedhighschool?23.Whatdidthespeakeroncethinkofteenagefriendships?24.WhatdowelearnaboutthespeakerwhenhereturnedfromtheVietnamWar?
25.Whatdoesthespeakertrytodoasateacher?Thatistheendoflisteningcomprehension.
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