大学英语六级-86_真题-无答案

大学英语六级-86

(总分462.5,考试时间90分钟)

Part Ⅰ Writing

1. 1.老一辈常说,能力比相貌重要2. 如今很多人却认为相貌比能力重要3. 你的看法

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

Here are some of the **mon reasons kids hate school —and strategies to put them back on the road to Success.

Coping With Anxiety and Loneliness

With just a few minutes left before school was to start, my six-year-old, Dustin, was pouting. \"I don't want to go,\" he said. Ever since he'd entered first grade, he hated school. What's going on? I thought as he trudged out the door. If he hates school this much now, how bad will it be later on? Every kid occasionally grumbles about school. But five to ten percent of kids dislike it so much that they don't want to attend, says Christopher Kearney, director of the Child School Refusal and Anxiety Disorders Clinic at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

If a child seems depressed or anxious about school, fakes illness to stay home, repeatedly winds up in the nurse's or principal's office, or refuses to talk about large chunks of the school day, you should be concerned, say school psychologists Michael Martin and Cynthia Waltman-Greenwood, co-editors of Solve Your Child's School-Related Problems.

Fortunately, you can usually solve the problem —sometimes very easily. In our case, my husband and I visited Dustin's class and noticed that the teacher, fresh out of college, called only on kids who scrambled to sit right under her nose. Dustin, who generally sat near the back, was ignored. We simply told him to move up front. He did, and his enthusiasm returned.

Here are some of the **mon reasons kids hate school —and strategies to put them back on the road to success:

Anxiety. One fear that keeps children from enjoying school is separation anxiety. It most frequently occurs during times of family stress or when a child is about to enter a new school.

Unfortunately, parents can feed a child's anxieties by the way they respond. With younger kids, watch how you say good-bye those first few days of school. A firm \"Have a great day, and I'll pick you up at 2:30!\" is more confidence-inspiring than \"Don't worry, I can be them in ten minutes if you need me.\"

Thomas Ollendick, head of an anxiety-disorders clinic for children and adolescents at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Va., treated one boy who was anxious about entering middle school. He worded about everything from getting lost in the new school to getting beaten up. His mother took time off from work so she could stay home to \"be there\" for

him —\" inadvertently sending the message that something dreadful might indeed happen,\" Ollendick recalls.

Once the mother realized she was contributing to the problem, she began fostering her son's independence by taking him to the school so he could learn his way around and meet his homeroom teacher. His fears diminished, and now he's a well-adjusted student.

You can help your child handle fearful situations —from speaking up in class to taking tests —by rehearsing at home. Help make large projects less daunting by breaking them into manageable pieces. Teach your child to replace thoughts such as \"I'm going to flunk\" with \"I can handle this.\"

Loneliness. Some kids dislike school because they have no friends. This may be the case if your child is always alone, feigns (假装) illness to avoid class outings or gives away treasured possessions in an attempt to be liked.

Often loneliness problems can be solved by bolstering (增强) social skills. \"A child may need to learn how to look others in the eye when he speaks, or how to talk above a whisper —or below a yell,\" Ollendick says. You might teach a young child a few \"friendship openers\name's Tom. What's yours? Do you want to play tag?\"

\"A lot of kids who are very lonely have never been told anything good about themselves,\" says Miami teacher Matty Rodriguez-Walling. \"If a lonely kid is skilled in some area —computers, for example —I'll often have other students work with him. That does a lot for self-esteem and helps the lonely child make friends.\"

Emotional and Physical Hurdles

Bullies (欺负人和行为). Students sometimes hate school because they are afraid to attend. If your child seems quiet and anxious, has few school friends or suddenly shows a drop in self-esteem, he may be a victim of a bully.

**mon advice for this problem —teach your child to be assertive —isn't always enough. \"Even when kids are assertive, the bully often beats them up,\" Ollendick says. He recommends instead that elementary-school children tell a teacher. In middle school and above, kids should stick with friends and avoid places where the bully hangs out.

If you have to step in, go to the principal, not the bully's parents. To avoid embarrassing your child, be subtle. When Dustin was in kindergarten, two older boys began picking on him at the bus stop. My husband proposed a simple solution: move the bus stop closer to our building so we could keep an eye on the boys. The principal agreed, and the bullying stopped.

Trouble Learning. Some children's **plaints spring from physical problems. For them, \"hating school is really frustration at being a step behind, no matter how hard they try,\" says psychologist Harvey Mandel, co-author of Could Do Better: Why Children Underachieve and What to Do About It.

One Colorado third-grader was still unable to read despite being tutored. When told to do his homework, he'd whine that his eyes were blurry and his head hurt. Optometrist Lynn Fishman Hellerstein found that although the boy had 2.0/2.0 vision, he was having trouble focusing his eyes. \"With glasses and vision therapy, he became an eager learner,\" Hellerstein says.

Vision problems are **mon, so parents need to be sensitive to signs of trouble. While reading, does your child cover an eye, tilt her head or lose her place? Does she hold books closer than the distance from her elbow to her knuckles? Does **plain of itchy eyes, headaches or nausea after detailed work? If so, get her a complete vision exam that includes evaluations of eye-movement

control, focusing, depth perception and other skills.

Some reluctant students may not hear the teacher. Schedule an appointment with an audiologist if your child has trouble learning letter sounds (particularly short vowels, such as \"u' and \"o\"); confuses similar-sounding words (such as \"on\" and \"in,\" or \"to\" and \"through\"); or asks questions that have already been answered.

Kids with learning disabilities often get frustrated, fall to finish assignments or appear to ignore the teacher. They may be unable to remember simple facts, such as their phone number, the alphabet or details of a story they've just heard. If you suspect your child has a learning disability, ask the teachers about having an evaluation by the school psychologist, Martin and Waltman-Greenwood suggest.

Poor Chemistry With a Teacher. What if your child **plains that a teacher is \"unfair\" or \"mean\"? Sometimes the solution is simple. \"Having the teacher and child sit down for lunch together can often improve the relationship,\" observes Carole Kennedy, former president of the National Association of Elementary School Principals.

Other times, more drastic action is needed. Shortly after entering second grade, our daughter Erin **ing home depressed. Her new teacher was a strict disciplinarian. Once, she berated a child to the point of tears when he misread a word aloud. Erin was convinced she would be next.

My husband and I made a list of incidents Erin had described and spoke to the teacher. When she confirmed her actions, we immediately asked the principal to move Erin to another class. Soon Erin had a new teacher and a new outlook on school.

Remember, kids know how to play a parent against a teacher. So if your child tells you a horror story about school, don't automatically assume you're getting the whole troth. Talk with the teacher, principal or guidance counselor. Once you identify why your child hates school, you can almost always find a solution.

1. Dustin regained his enthusiasm for study by sitting near the teacher where he could catch the teacher's attention.

2. Children suffer from separation anxiety when facing family stress or being about to enter a new school.

3. A child with strong social skills may be difficult to get along with. 4. Being assertive is not enough to solve the bully problem.

5. What do children usually do when they don't feel like attending school? 6. How do we know a child is a victim of bully?

7. It is advised to be subtle when parents step in to the principal about the bullies because ______. 8. Physical troubles, such as ______, may be the reasons for children's complaint. 9. What if a child has poor chemistry with the teacher?

10. What should parents do when hearing the child tell a bad story at school?

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension

Section A

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1. A. They will go and buy coffee. B. They will go and buy the lottery. C. They will finish the job. D. They will begin with the job.

2. A. She will get married with the male speaker. B. She will get married this winter. C. She has got married for about six months. D. She has decided to marry in June.

3. A. Colleagues. B. Customer manager and client. C. Boss and secretary. D. Professor and student.

4. A. He has to work overtime. B. He is under great pressure of the job. C. He doesn't get along with his workmates. D. He is not satisfied with his salary.

5. A. He grew up in England. B. He was born in Spain. C. He spent his teen years in London. D. He went to a college in the USA.

6. A. Annoying and mean. B. Kind and friendly. C. Intelligent but mean. D. Intelligent but annoying.

7. A. Who is going to do the dishes. B. Who is going to sweep the floor. C. What program is on TV. D. What they are going to do.

8. A. At teatime this afternoon. B. At lunch next Tuesday. C. At lunch on Wednesday. D. At teatime on Wednesday.

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9. A. In giving concessions. B. In the concluding part. C. In stating your terms. D. In the preparatory phase.

10. A. He behaves in a way contrary to his real intention. B. He presents his arguments in a straightforward way. C. He responds readily to the other party's proposals. D. He uses lots of gestures to help make his points clear.

11. A. Both may fail when confronting experienced rivals. B. The honest type is more effective than the actor type. C. Both can succeed depending on the specific situation. D. The actor type works better in tough negotiations.

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12. A. She prefers to stay indoors during the summer. B. It will clear up soon. C. Too much hot weather can be unpleasant. D. The weather is supposed to get even hotter.

13. A. Tell her more about the exhibit. B. Invite someone else to the museum. C. Take a course in art history. D. Ask Mary when the exhibit will begin.

14. A. She can find a way out. B. What the man said is logical. C. What the man said is illogical. D. She agrees to what the man said.

15. A. In a laboratory. B. At a party. C. In a supermarket. D. In a garden.

16. A. She also thinks the lecture was interesting. B. She was too tired to learn much from the lecture. C. She missed the lecture this morning. D. She did not finish the reading before the lecture.

Section B

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1. A.The effect of ordinary aspects of life on anthropology. B.A good source of information about a society. C.Attitudes toward culture in the 1940's. D.The relationship between anthropology and military.

2. A.Students might not consider them to be an important part of culture. B.They symbolize the rebellion of youth in the 1950's. C.They are discussed in the students' textbook. D.They have been worn for hundreds of years.

3. A.To show how politics have changed over the years. B.To point out that T-shirts often provide personal information. C.To illustrate how the printing on clothing has improved. D.To support that T-shirts are a form of art.

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4. A. Sort the mail. B. Answer the mail. C. Read the magazines. D. File important information.

5. A. Pay the bills right away. B. Read the magazines very quickly. C. Sort the articles into categories for later reference. D. Stop buying magazines which you don’ have time to read.

6. A. At least once a month. B. At least twice a month. C. At least once a year. D. At least twice a year.

Passage One

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7. A. Diamond-producing rivers are located far away the mountain side. B. Diamonds can be formed without volcano heat and pressure. C. Volcano explosions brought some diamonds up to the earth surface. D. Explosions of the volcano can damage diamonds as well.

8. A. In the volcanoes. B. On the floor of the sea. C. Under the river bed. D. At the foot of the mountain.

9. A. How Diamond is Formed and Found. B. Diamond—A Precious Stone. C. Diamond Hunting. D. Diamond—Producing Countries.

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10. A. There're some links between TV watching and obesity. B. Children who watch TV longer are easier to have attention problems when they grow up. C. 40% of the New Zealand children watch TV for more than 2 hours. D. Boys are more likely to be addict to the TV than girls.

11. A. Children can easily quit the TV watching addicts when they grow up. B. The adolescence should watch TV for no more than 2 hours per day. C. Attention problems caused by TV viewing in the childhood may be long lasting. D. Children who watch more TV are more likely to have poor health.

12. A. Because the TV scenes are stimulating while the real life is common and slow paced. B. Because the real life is not that interesting as the TV series. C. Because they have heavy study burdens in the real life. D. Because they are not satisfied with their real life.

Section C

One called her boss a \"bitch from hell\" while another admitted \"lying through his teeth\" at interview. Both the British job 1 were--not surprisingly--turned down after 2 employers discovered their candid 3 on a public Web site. The London recruitment firm which revealed the cases warned that employers were 4 scouring the Internet to check what candidates are really like behind the rosy image they 5 to project in CVs and interviews. \"One media sales 6 aged 24 had a job offer 7 after a quick check on www.friendsreunited.co.uk revealed that the applicant only planned to stay in London for a few months before 8 on a world tour,\" London's Media Contacts said. 9 .\"Another candidate, an account manager for a well-known PR agency, was forced to resign when she described her boss as a 'bitch from hell' and her employer as 'a bunch of cowboys',\" Media Contacts said. 10 , set up to keep old school pals in touch, that he lied at interview and his CV was \"a masterpiece of fiction.\" \" 11 ,\" Media Contacts' recruitment consultant Gordon Cherrington said. \"Having fun is a good thing, though negativity in any form, rarely reflects well on the writer.\"

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6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

Today the world's economy is going through two great changes, both bigger than an Asian financial crisis here or a European monetary union there.

The first change is that a lot of industrial 1 is moving from the United States, Western Europe and Japan to developing countries in Latin America, South-East Asia and Eastern Europe. In 1950, the United States alone 2 for more than half of the world's economy output. In 1990, its 3 was down to a quarter. By 1990, 40% of IBM's employees were non-Americans; Whirlpool, America's leading 4 of domestic appliances, cut its American labor force by 10%. Quite soon now, many big **panies will have more 5 (and customers) in poor countries than in rich ones.

The second great change is that, in the rich countries of the OECD, the balance of economic activity is 6 from manufacturing to servicing. In the United States and Britain, the 7 of workers in manufacturing has shrunk since 1900 from around 40% to barely half that. Even in Germany and Japan, which rebuilt so many 8 after 1945, manufacturing's share of jobs is now below 30%. The effect of the 9 is increased with manufacturing moves from rich countries to the developing ones, whose cheap labor gives them a sharp advantage in many of the 10 tasks required by mass production.

A—output B—shift C—proportion D—accounted E—factories F—employees G—consumer H—occupied I—various J—swinging K—production L—enormous M—weapons N—varying O—supplier 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Section B

Passage One

Right now, many parents are readjusting to life with their college students at home for a few weeks or months. Most, of course, are delighted to see the kids. And the kids, often exhausted after final exams, are ready for some parental loving care.

\"The reality is that there is a lot of mixed feelings on both sides, \"says Madge Lawrence Treeger, a psychotherapist (精神治疗医师) and former college counselor, the coauthor of Letting Go; A Parents' Guide to Understanding the College Years.

Parents who cry when teens leave for college often cheer up pretty quickly in cleaner, quieter, less busy homes — and then welcome the blast of energy **es in the door with returning students, Treeger says.

\"But the first time they get in their car and expect to hear NPR (美国国家共用广播电台)and instead get a blast of heavy metal, or the first time they find wet towels on the bathroom floor, reality starts to set in, \"she says.

Part of that reality: It's not just parents and households that change while students are away. Students change, too. They grow up or at least make some progress in that direction.

\"You need to negotiate new rules that make sense between adults — but that respect the fact that parents remain in charge of their homes\and author of several parenting books.

So, while a curfew(父母规定孩子必须在家的时间)may be unreasonable, a plan for kids to text you when they are out late is not, Gordon says. Likewise, expecting kids to join you for dinner every night might be a recipe for disappointment — but asking them to let you know when they have other plans is a matter of simple courtesy.

\"It's always a challenge to balance the shifting expectations of parents and students\says Marjorie Savage, director of the parent program at the University of Minnesota.

Savage likes the advice she heard from one counselor. Treat your returning child like a foreign exchange student—someone who might be persuaded to share your odd customs, while passing on a few of her own.

And when and if the going gets rough? Keep in mind that summer is brief — and most upperclassmen don't stay home for a full season, thanks to the lure of internships, travel and summer study.

Best of all, the freshman rolling her eyes at your household rules may well evolve into someone like Christina Pfaff. The recent graduate of the University of Richmond in Virginia, is at home with her family for just a few weeks before heading to the East Coast for a waitressing gig and serious job-hunting. But for now, she says, \"I've **e to appreciate hanging out with my parents. And I like having family dinners.\"

1. What does Madge Lawrence Treeger mean by \"... mixed feelings on both sides\" (Line 1, Para. 2)?A. Both parents and their students are eager to see each other. B. Both parents and their students have a lot of feelings to share. C. There are other feelings besides longing to see each other. D. There is actually resistance instead of love on both sides.

2. What has changed while students are away from home?A. Parents become more cheerful after their kids' leaving. B. Parents have changed their life styles without their kids. C. Students have more free time to do whatever they want. D. Students have experienced changes from kids to grown-ups.

3. How should parents treat their returning kids according to Linda Perlman Gordon?A. To give up their domination in their homes. B. To forbid their kids to stay out late. C. To ask kids to join them for dinner every night. D. To make new rules that apply to adults.

4. What is a proper way for parents to treat their returning children according to Marjorie Savage?A. Expecting kids to share parents' customs and allowing them to have their own. B. Persuading their children to go out for internships, travel and summer study. C. Treating their children like foreign exchange students as school counselors do. D. Trying to share their children's customs and abandon their own odd ones.

5. The example of Christina Pfaff in the last paragraph is used to illustrate that ______.A. it's difficult to reach a balance between expectations of parents and kids B. for graduates, home is a place for shelter before finding a job C. students should appreciate living with parents and having family dinners D. college students may finally love being together with their parents

Passage Two

It's often said that plants hidden in the tangle of the Amazonian rain forest may harbor an undiscovered cancer cure. John Richard Stepp thinks the same can be said for the world's weeds. In a study published last year, Stepp, a professor at the University of Florida in Gainesville, looked at the ingredients of common drugs sold at local pharmacies. Of the 101 primarily plant-based health remedies he examined, Stepp estimated that the main ingredient in about a third of the drags was a weed.

\"Those are Fairly conservative numbers too,\" he added. \"It is actually more than a third. We cut quite a few off the list, because they weren't quite weedy enough, in my view.\"

To be \"weedy enough\" to meet Stepp's criteria, plants had to be fast-growing and soft-tissued—unlike trees, for example, which are slow-growing and have woody tissues. Stepp also limited his definition of weeds to plants that thrive in disturbed areas, like farms or clearings, without being deliberately planted.

Stepp said his tally of common weed-based drags was ten times higher than expected. There are about 8,000 weeds known to science. That **prises only about 3 percent of the world's 250,000 described plants.

Phyllis Coley is a biologist at the University of Utah who conducts drug-discovery research in the Panamanian tropical rain forests. She said Stepp's finding is \"provocative.\"

Coley noted that weedy plants have long been a source of traditional medicines. A key question, she said, is, Why?

\"Perhaps this is because weeds were shown to work better,\" she said. \"But I would also suggest that weedy plants would be much more readily available, as they grow in association with

human disturbance and are therefore more likely to be experimented with and developed into medicines.\"

Meanwhile Stepp said his 2004 study results suggest that, in addition to exploring the rain forest for medicinal plants, it makes sense to look at the 8,000 or so weeds that grow closer to home.

The anthropologist doesn't think **panies share that view. \"The difference between wanting to find new medicines and wanting to find new medicines to make a profit is a very wide gulf,\" he said.

Regardless of whether new drugs are developed from weeds, Stepp said weed research could lead governments to respect and promote traditional medicinal practices, especially in parts of the world with limited access to modem health care facilities.

1. According to Prof. Stepp, weedy plants are ______.A. fast-growing and woody-tissued B. slow-growing and soft-tissued C. growing wild D. growing where it is not wanted

2. Coley took a(n) ______ attitude towards Prof. Stepp's studies.A. enthusiastic C. neutral B. positive D. questioning

3. Why are weedy plants a source of traditional medicines according to Coley?A. They are within human reach. B. They grow on cultivated ground. C. They crowd out cultivated plants. D. They grow profusely where it is not wanted.

4. Why wouldn't **panies be interested in weedy plants?A. They consider weeds to be undesirable or troublesome plant. B. They wouldn't like to develop traditional medicines. C. They wouldn't believe in the medical effects of weedy plants. D. They wouldn't be satisfied with the financial returns of developing news drugs from weeds.

5. What is the significance of weed research according to Stepp?A. It would help to maintain the diversity of plants. B. It would contribute to the growth of cultivated plants. C. It would promote traditional medicines. D. It will result in more modem health care facilities.

Part Ⅴ Cloze

Vivid, violent dreams can portend brain disorders by half a century, a new study finds. Spotting early warning signs of the disease may 1 clinicians to monitor and treat patients long 2 the brain deterio-rates. People with a mysterious sleep disturbance 3 REM sleep behavior disorder, or RBD, experience a sudden change in the nature of dreams. Dreams increasingly become more violent and frequently 4 episodes in which an attacker must be fought 5 . The normal muscle paralysis that accompanies dreams is gone, 6 the dreamer, who is most often male, to act 7 the dream's punches, twists and yells.

Doctors used to think of RBD as an isolated disorder. But follow-up studies 8 that a striking number of these patients later 9 neuro-degen-erative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. The exact figures 10 , but some studies find that anywhere from 80 to 100 percent 11 get a neurodegenerative disorder.

In a study, 27 patients who 12 the criteria (of which only three were women, 13 the curious male pre-dominance of RBD), the median interval 14 onset of the sleep disorder and of the neurological disorder was 25 years. 15 six of these patients the sleep disorder was first 16 by their spouse on their honeymoon or shortly afterwards. In one case, RBD 17 Parkinson's disease by 50 years.

The researchers can't 18 how frequently this happens in the general population, because patients were 19 to have a minimum interval of 15 years between the onset of RBD and diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease. But 20 such long intervals between diseases were unexpected. 1. A. allow B. assign C. believe D. make

2. A. after B. before C. ahead D. ago

3. A. calling B. to call C. called D. is called

4. A. concern B. involve C. drag D. implicit

5. A. on B. for C. to D. off

6. A. remaining B. keeping C. getting D. leaving

7. A. as B. for C. out D. in

8. A. detected B. disclosed C. leaked D. revealed

9. A. devote B. determine C. develop D.devisc

10. A. variety B. vary C. changeable D. diverse

11. A. normally B. generally C. ultimately D. initially

12. A. fit B. suit C. adapt D. trim

13. A. thinking B. conferring C. being D. reflecting

14. A. in between B. among C. between D. in among

15. A. As B. Because of C. For D. Because

16. A. noticed B. spied C. convinced D. assumed

17. A. preemptive B. preach C. outrage D. preceded

18. A. evaluate B. appraise C. assess D. estimate

19. A. selected B. armed C. taken D. picked

20. A. learning B. discovering C. studying D. finding

Part Ⅵ Translation

1. ______ (我父亲刚跑出那所房子)than the earthquake happened.

2. I stared into the blackness and wondered______(他是否像我意识到他的存在一样意识到我的存在).

3. They failed to finish the work on time and______(他们应该早点实施计划)．

4. The **plained that no sooner ______ (他刚试着使用这台机器，它就不运转了)．

5. At some point in your career，___________________(有人很可能会要你给他们写一封推荐信)．