2020-2021中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 任务型阅读理解(附答案)

一、英语任务型阅读 1．阅读短文，完成表格

Have you read any books by Washington Irving？Now I will tell you a story written by him. The name of the story is Rip Van Winkle, and it is also the name of the hero in this story. There are three characters in this story, Rip Van Winkle and his wife, Dame Van Winkle and their dog, Woof. Dame Van Winkle is a sharp-tongued (说话尖酸的、刻薄的) woman. Both Rip Van Winkle and the dog are terrified of her, even of her voice.

There is a scene that can describe how Rip Van Winkle and his dog feel in front of Dame Van Winkle:

Rip had just one way of replying to his wife's talk: he only put his head back on his shoulders, looked up toward heaven, and said nothing. . . True, in the woods, Woof was as brave as an honorable dog should be， but as soon as Woof entered the house, his head bent low, his tail lay on the ground or curled between his legs. He went around the house with a guilty look, watching Dame Van Winkle out of the corner of his eyes, ready to run from the room at the slightest sign of her displeasure.

This was the time when England ruled America. One day, Rip Van Winkle went into the mountain with his dog for an escape of his wife. He drank something given by some strangers and fell asleep. That was 20 years! His wife died and America got freedom from England, and I think that's what the story wants to tell us: both the poor man's independence and nation's independence.

Why does Irving's story attract people? Because he wrote so vividly（生动地）. That sets me thinking: How he observed things so carefully? If you read through this story, you can't help smiling or laughing from time to time! （1）

Writer Number of characters Theme Reasons for its beauty Rip Van Winkle ________ ________ ________ ________ Main description of Rip's wife ________ 【答案】（1）Washington Irving

；three

；Dame Van Winkle is a sharp-tongued woman

；both the poor man's independence and nation's independence

；Because he wrote so vividly.

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍美国作家华盛顿·欧文的小说《瑞普·凡·温克》的故事情节、人物、主题以及吸引人的原因等。

（1）writer意为作者，在第一句话中Have you read any books by Washington Irving？可以找到。by表示“被”，其后常常是作者的名字。所以答案是Washington Irving。

（2）Number of characters人物数量，根据第一段There are three characters in this story, Rip Van Winkle and his wife, Dame Van Winkle and their dog, Woof. 可知小说中有三个人物，即：瑞普·凡·温克；他的妻子Dame和狗 Woof。故答案为 three。

（3）Main description of Rip's wife对瑞普妻子的主要描写，根据第一段Dame Van Winkle is a sharp-tongued (说话尖酸的、刻薄的) woman. Both Rip Van Winkle and the dog are terrified of her, even of her voice.可知，她是一个泼妇，瑞普和他们的狗都害怕她，甚至害怕她的声音。所以答案为Dame Van Winkle is a sharp-tongued woman.

（4）theme主题，倒数第二段最后一句 what the story wants to tell us是主旨的同意表达，所以冒号后面的：both the poor man's independence and nation's independence就是答案。 （5）Reasons for its beauty（小说）漂亮的原因，根据最后一段首句Why does Irving's story attract people?可以判断attract（吸引）为同意表达，所以后面的Because he wrote so vividly.（因为他写的栩栩如生）是答案。

【点评】阅读表达首先要弄清楚文章的题材，结构，然后根据表格的要求在文中找到关键字，答案一定在关键字周围。

2．阅读下文并回答问题。

In Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of people who are busy drawing maps around. They are not workers on geography, but dispatchers(调度员) on Emergency(急救) Center of the city.

Since 2007, the dispatchers in the center have been drawing maps of the local areas.

\"A dispatcher's job is counted in seconds,\" says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center. She has been working in the center since it started in 2007. \"We must answer the phone in 3 seconds, get clear information about the patient in 60 seconds and dispatch(调度) emergency medical workers in 3 minutes at most. If we save one second, the patient may have a better chance to live.\"

Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand.

After many years' hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller can't tell clearly where he is, but it doesn't matter. As long as he describes the buildings around, the dispatcher can dispatch emergency medical workers to him.

\"We are trying to be quicker than Death,\" says Liang.

（1）Is Liang Ruimei a dispatcher in Emergency Center of Jinzhong? （2）When did Emergency Center of Jinzhong start?

（3）To be quicker than Death, what do the dispatchers in Emergency Center of Jinzhong do? （4）Do you think it necessary for dispatchers to draw maps by hand when they have electronic maps? Why or why not? 【答案】 （1）Yes, she is. （2）In 2007.

（3）They remember every corner of the city through hand-made maps, and dispatch emergency medical workers to the right place as soon as possible.

（4）Yes. Because maps by hand show small facts of the city more correctly and electronic maps may not work sometimes.

No. Because electronic maps are easier to use and can show the latest road situation.

3．阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答小题。

Stephen Hawking was born in England in 1942. He's one of the most famous scientists on space and time in the world. He is called the King of the Universe.

He studied math and science at Oxford University, then he became seriously ill, which made him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines.

He went on to study at Cambridge University after graduating from Oxford University. In 1965, he got a Doctor's Degree of philosophy（哲学）. Because of his serious illness, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he is respected by people in the world. Then in 1988, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. It was sold more than 5.5 million copies in over 33 different languages. He was once invited to China to give lectures（做演讲）. His self-confidence and humouous conversations impressed us deeply.

（1）Was Hawking born in England? (no more than 3 words)

（2）What did Hawking study at Oxford University? (no more than 3 words)

（3）When did Hawking get his Doctor's Degree of philosophy? (no more than 2 words) （4）What's the name of Hawking's first important book? (no more than 5 word) （5）Where was Hawking once invited to give lectures? (1 word) 【答案】 （1）Yes, he was. / Yes. （2）Math and science. （3）In 1965.

（4）A Brief History of Time. （5）China.

4．任务型阅读

（1）阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A-E五个选项中选择正确的选项（其中一项是多余选项）。

A. Remember there is hope for everyone! B. Open your eyes and you are ready to go! C. Your mind goes blank! D. Be more silent! E. Well, don't do that! Public speaking is one of the top three fears among adults in both the UK and the US. Here are some suggestions that deal with some of the most common problems people experience with public speaking. Invite the attention in

Do you hate that moment when you stand up in front of a group to speak and everybody looks at you? ________. It's a sign that people are interested and want to hear what you have to say. Welcome those looks! Beat the brain freeze

Have you ever been in the middle of speaking and suddenly……brain freeze! ________. It is possible that you forgot something for the moment. And you are holding your breath! All you need to do is to trust yourself, clear your mind, focus and breathe. The thoughts will come rushing back to your mind in no time. Phew! Increase your confidence

Use this exercise to get in touch with the \"naturally confident (自信的) you\" inside. Close your eyes and remember a special time you felt really relaxed and confident. Imagine the feeling of relaxation rushing through your whole body. It will pass information to your brain that you are confident and happy. ________

Whether you are someone who just wants to move from good to great with your speaking, or someone who feels too afraid to stand up and speak, the great news is that you can move forward, be relaxed, and turn into a great speaker. ________

（2）Write down another suggestion on how to become a good speaker. (答案不多于5个单词) 【答案】 （1）E；C；B；A

（2）Make a speech everyday.（答案不唯一，合理即可）

5．阅读短文，把A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。

A great festival for the Chinese takes place on the 15th day of the 8th Chinese lunar month. ________ The Mid-Autumn Festival has its typical food—the mooncake, which is round and delicious. ________ Long ago there was a king in China who was very cruel(残暴的) to the people and the country didn't go well. ________So they wrote notes telling about the meeting place and time and put them into cakes. On the 15th of August every person was told to buy the cakes. When they ate them, they discovered the notes. So they got together to make a sudden attack(进攻) on the king. From then on, the Chinese people celebrated on August 15th. ________When the Mid-Autumn Festival is near, shop owners decorate(装饰) their shop windows beautifully with pictures of ancient Chinese ladies. People go to buy many kinds of mooncakes. ________ On the evening of the day, people and their family have a big meal. After it, they watch the fullest and brightest moon.

A. There is a popular folk story about it. B. They ate cakes in memory of that important event. C. It's called the Mid-Autumn Festival or the Chinese Moon Festival. D. The people were so angry that some brave ones suggested killing the king. E. And they send presents such as wine, fruits and mooncakes to their friends and relatives. 【答案】 C；A；D；B；E

6．阅读短文，然后按要求完成问题。

Here are two old stories from Chinese history. The Chinese people have told them for many years.

One is a story about Cao Cao's son, a clever boy named Cao Chong. One day, Cao Caogot a huge elephant from Sun Quan and he wanted to know the weight of it. Because there wasn't a scale large enough, some soldiers advised him to(A)it up. But Cao Cao didn't want to kill the elephant. Just then, Cao Chong came up with a great idea. He asked some soldiers to lead the elephant onto about. As the heavy animal walked onto it, the boat went lower into the water. After Cao Chong drew a line on the side of the boat to mark how low it went, the elephant was taken off the boat. (B)The boat was filed with rocks until the water reached the line on the boat. Cao Chong then weighed the rocks. The rocks and the elephant were of the same weight. (C)曹操对他的儿子生常满意。

The other story is about a wise man named ZhugeLiang. He was asked to make 100, 000 arrows (箭)within 10days. He told (D) his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with many straw men. In the early morning of the third day, the soldiers said the boats towards the camps of Cao Cao's army on the other side of the river. They shouted and boat their drums loud. When Cao Cao's soldiers heard the sounds, they thought they were (E)attack. However, they could not see through the thick tog on the river. Cao Caoordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds of the drums and the shouting. Zhuge Liang got enough arrows and then sailed back successfully. （1）在文中(A)和(C)的空白处填入适当的单词 (A)________ (C)________

（2）将文中划线部分(B)改写为: The boat was ________ ________rocks. （3）将文中划线部分(C)译成英语： （4）文中划线部分(D)指代的是：________ （5）从文中找出两个历史人物： 【答案】 （1）cut；under （2）full；of

（3）Cao Cao was (very)happy/satisfied/pleased with his son. （4）Zhuge Liang's

（5）Cao Cao/Cao Chong/Zhuge Liang/Sun Quan（任选两个）

7．阅读短文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。

Dumplings You need: Wrappers(饺子皮) vegetables beef salt Steps ⒈Put beef in a bowl. ⒉Cut the vegetables into small pieces with a knife. ⒊Add the vegetables to the beet. Then add a little oil and salt. ⒋Mix with chopsticks. ⒌Put a spoonful of filing(馅)in a wrapper and told the wrapper around it. ⒍Put the dumplings in the boiling water ⒎ate the dumplings out when they float(漂浮)to the surface. ⒏Put the dumplings on a plate. （1）Is the text above a menu? （2）Besides the vegetables，what else do you add to the beef? （3）How do you mix the filing?

（4）When do you take the dumplings out? （5）Where do you put the dumplings at last? 【答案】 （1）No./No, it isn't （2）A little oil and salt./Oil and salt. （3）With chopsticks./By using chopsticks. （4）When they float to the surface. （5）On a plate.

8．根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。

Leonardo da Vinci (莱奥纳多·达多奇) was a famous artist who was born in Italy. He was also a great inventor. Many of his inventions have become important in modern life. Although Leonardo hated war, he invented many different machines used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun, which was produced and used in war. Besides, Leonardo spent days thinking about how to save time. He developed ideas for something like cutting machines.

Leonard was a strange man. He never ate meat. That was very unusual in those times ( 时代). He never published (发表) scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like

usual writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left side. Only a few of his paintings are left today. Many paintings were not finished because he thought they were not perfect.

Leonardo was talented and creative. He was regarded as one of the most intelligent men in the world.

Leonardo da Vinci His status (身份) His invention and ideas Not only an artist but also an________ The machine________ Ideas for something like machines used to ________ His strange behaviors He never ate meat. He never published discoveries connected with ________ He used mirror writing. ________only a few of his paintings are left Because many paintings were not finished. today 【答案】 inventor；gun；cut；science；Why 【解析】【分析】主要讲了达芬奇的身份、发明观点、奇怪的行为及绘画。

（1）根据He was also a great inventor.可知也是一名发明家，an后面一单数，故填inventor。

（2）根据His most special invention was the machine gun可知发明了机器，故填gun。 （3）根据He developed ideas for something like cutting machines.可知想出了切的机器，即机器用来切，be used to do被用来做某事，故填cut。

（4）根据He never published (发表) scientific discoveries.可知他从不发表科学发现，即从不发表与科学有关的发现，with是介词，后面一名词，所以用scientific的名词science，故填science。

（5）根据Only a few of his paintings are left today. Many paintings were not finished because he thought they were not perfect.可知讲了他的画被留下的原因是他认为不完美，故填Why。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题仔细从文中寻找答案。

9．阅读短文，回答问题及翻译划线部分的句子。

It is said that everyone has two boxes hung on our necks. The small box at the front is full of other people's mistakes, while the big one at the back is filled with our own shortcomings(缺点).Most of time, it's easy to find other people's mistakes. It's hard for us to see our mistakes behind us.

A boy called Tony, always looked at the front box to check what was in it. He saw other people's mistakes very quickly. When Ben was impatient with him, he said to Ben, \"It's so easy for you to get angry. It is hard to be friends with you.\"

He told his mother that Michael was dishonest. \"Michael takes my things without asking. And

he forgets to return them. \"Tony himself did not like sharing his things with anyone.

When John was too tired to go hiking with him, he said, \"You are such an unfriendly person.\" He thought Nick was too proud of his rich parents. But Tony was so proud of himself because he could not see any of his own mistakes!①He could not understand why he didn't get on well with others. Then his mother said to him, \"If you change the boxes around, maybe you can find the answer.\" He did it as his mother said, and his face turned red.②他发现自己并不比其他同学更好.

（1）What's in the back box？

（2）Did Tony always look at the front box？ （3）What did Tony think of his four classmates？ （4）请将划线的句子①翻译成为中文. （5）请将划线的句子②翻译成为英文. 【答案】 （1）Our own shortcomings. （2）Yes, he did.

（3）In Tony's opinion, Ben was easy to get angry, Michael was dishonest, John was unfriendly and Nick was too proud of his parents.

（4）他不能理解为什么他不能和其他人很好的相处。 （5）He found he was not better than others.

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Tony总是看见他人的错误，却看不见自己的缺点。

（1）根据while the big one at the back is filled with our own shortcomings然而在背后的那个大盒子装满了自己的缺点.可以得知背后的盒子里面的是我们自己的缺点，故答案为Our own shortcomings。

（2）根据A boy called Tony， always looked at the front box to check what was in it.一个叫做托尼的男孩，总是看着自己面前的盒子里面有什么，由此可知托尼总是看着面前的盒子，故采用肯定回答，故答案为Yes，he did.。

（3）根据he said to Ben， \"It's so easy for you to get angry. It is hard to be friends with you. \"他对本说，\"你太容易生气了，很难和你做朋友\"，He told his mother that Michael was dishonest他告诉他的妈妈迈克尔很不诚实，When John was too tired to go hiking with him， he said， \"You are such an unfriendly person. \"当约翰太累而不和他去远足时，他说，\"你真是一个不友好的人\"，He thought Nick was too proud of his rich parents.他认为尼克太骄傲于富裕的父母，结合四个线索句可知在托尼看来Ben是个容易生气的人，迈克尔是个不诚实的人，约翰是个不友好的人，尼克是个骄傲于父母的人，因为全文用一般过去时，故回答也采用一般过去时，故答案为In Tony's opinion，Ben was easy to get angry，Michael was dishonest，John was unfriendly and Nick was too proud of his parents.。

（4）could not意思是不能；understand意思是理解，why意思是为何，get on well with意思是和某人相处的好；others意思是其他人，故答案为：他不能理解为什么他不能和其他人很好的相处.。

（5）根据他发现自己并不比其他同学更好，也可以理解为他发现，比起别人他不是更好的，发现一词采用find，由于时态为一般过去时，故find变为found，比别人则用than others，不是更好的用was not better，故答案为：He found he was not better than others.。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．阅读短文，并按要求完成问题。

Critical thinking(批判性思维) is trying to improve the way you think. People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims(评估主张).

Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. When a problem comes our way, we need to think critically to decide how to solve it. When we see an advertisement, for example, we should stop and think. Advertisements are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products. But is what the advertisement says true? Is it making a claim? Or does it only interest us? Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poor choices. In fact, we are using it if we ask questions naturally about what we see.

Practice makes perfect. While you are growing in critical thinking, you'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. There are many ways of doing practice. Here are a few.

Read about a topic people disagree on. Look at articles or books on all sides of the subject. For each side of the subject, think carefully and evaluate it.

When you see or hear a claim, ask questions about it. Who is making the claim and why? Evaluate your own thinking. Where and why do you think uncritically? How can you improve? Critical thinking should be part of everything we do. It may help you to succeed at work or school. Make yourself into a habit of critical thinking. Change your thoughts and change your world.

（1）People use critical thinking to ________ and evaluate claims. （2）Critical thinking can stop us from________.

（3）What kind of person will you become as you grow in critical thinking? （4）找出并写下第二段的主题句 （5）将文中画线句子译成汉语答案： 【答案】 （1）solve problems. （2）making poor choices.

（3）I'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. （4）Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. （5）它可能在工作或学校帮助你成功。

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍批判性思维的过程和应用。

（1）细节理解题。根据题意锁定第一段第二句“ People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims.”故填 solve problems。

（2）细节理解题。通过题目关键词找到第二段倒数第二句“ Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poorchoices,\"为原句可知答案 making poor choices。

（3）细节理解题。认真读题，通过关键词“ as you grow in critical thinking\"找到原句为第三段第二句“ While you are growing in critical thinking, you' II become a wiser and more thoughtful person.\"可知答案 I'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person.

（4）考查主题句。段落的主题句通常为某段的第一句，此题也不例外。通过对第二段的理解可知，该段第一句为主题句，后面内容都是对第一句的举例及说明。故答案为 Like

every other skill, critical thinking takes practice.

（5）翻译时需要注意短语help sb to do帮助某人做某事；succeed“成功”的中文释义。故答案为 它可能在工作或学校帮助你成功。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。