常见翻译词汇(专题篇)

六级翻译词汇经济篇：

宏观经济 macro economy

社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 知识经济 knowledge economy 网络经济 Internet-based economy 经济规律 law of economy 大规模生产 mass production 生产力 productive forces 生产关系 relations of production 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership

国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 私营企业 private business 民营企业 privately-run business

中小企业 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 连锁企业 franchise / chain business 国民生产总值 Gross National Product (GNP) 国内生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

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实际增长率 growth rate in real terms 年均增长率 average growth rate per annum 可持续增长 sustainable growth 经济效益 economic returns

投资回报率 rate of return on investment 衰退 recession 宏观 macro control

提高经济效益 enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making business into a profitable one

优化经济结构 optimize economic structure 扩大内需 expand domestic demand

国计民生 national interest and people’s livelihood 经济特区 special economic zones

“十二五规划“ the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social Development 风险投资 venture investment 经济繁荣 economic boom

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发达国家 developed countries 不发达国家 underdeveloped countries 发展中国家 developing countries 经济交流 economic exchange 公司 multinational corporation 利用外资 utilization of foreign capital 知识产权 intellectual property rights 版权 copyright 专利patent 商标 trademark

互通有无 mutual exchange of needed products 法治 rule of law

平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 电子商务 e-business 信用卡 credit card 信息时代 information age

科教兴国 rejuvenate the country through science and education

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研究开发 research and development 高新技术 innovative and high technology 创新 innovation

尖端科技 state-of-the-art technology 普及率 popularizing rate

六级翻译高频词汇之社会篇

小康社会 a well-to-do society 人民生活 people’s livelihood 生活水平 living standards 生活质量 quality of life 住房条件 housing conditions 文化程度 educational level 就业率 employment rate

人均收入 average income per capita 年平均工资 average annual pay 奖金 bonus

生活费用 cost of living

消费价格指数 consumer price index

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环境污染指数 environment pollution index 衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling

购买力 purchasing power 贫困家庭 the needy family 贫困地区 poverty-stricken region 下岗 be laid off 小康 relative affluence 安居乐业 live a good life shared prosperity 社会保险 social insurance 助学金 grant-in-aid 人口 population

人口分布 population distribution 流动人口 transient population 城市人口 urban population 农业人口 agriculture population 出生率 birth rate

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自然增长率 natural growth rate 负增长率 negative growth rate 普查 census

户口册 household register 计划生育 family planning

优生优育 ensure good prenatal and postnatal care 自治区 autonomous region 民族 ethnic groups 少数民族 ethnic minorities

中国党 Communist Party of China

六级翻译高频词汇之节日篇

春节(the Spring Festival) 元宵节(Lantern Festival) 端午节(the Dragon-Boat Festival) 七夕节 (Double-Seventh Day) 中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Festival) 重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival) 腊八节(the laba Rice Porridge Festival)

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春联 Spring Festival couplets 年画 New Year pictures 剪纸paper-cutting

除夕 the eve of the lunar New Year 守岁 stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 放爆竹 let off firecrackers 拜年 pay a New Year visit 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 敬酒 propose a toast

红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper)

舞狮 lion dance 舞龙 dragon dance 灯笼 lantern

灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 禁忌 taboo 压岁钱 gift money

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祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 元宵 rice dumpling 踩高跷 stilt walking 扭秧歌 yangge dance

扫墓 sweep graves of one’s ancestors or loved ones

赛龙舟 dragon-boat racing 粽子zongzi 月饼 moon cake

赏月 appreciate the glorious full moon 赏菊 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 登高 climb mountain

六级翻译词汇之中国传统文化篇

四合院：Siheyuan 亭/阁：pavilion/attic 刺绣：embroidery 剪纸：Paper Cutting 书法：Calligraphy

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针灸：Acupuncture 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl 黄土高原：Loess Plateau

红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 孟子：Mencius 火锅：Hot Pot

《诗经》：the Book of Songs

《史记》：Historical Records / Records of the Grand Historian

Four Great Classical Novels

《西游记》：Journey to the West

《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions

《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins

Four Great Inventions of Ancient China:

造纸术：papermaking,

印刷术：printing

火药：gunpowder 指南针：compass

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文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：The Four Treasures of the Study:

Brush, Ink-stick, Paper, and Ink-stone 印/玺：Seal/Stamp

京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera 相声：Cross-talk/ Comic Dialogue 电视小品：TV Sketches/TV Skit 太极拳：Tai Chi

天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing 故宫博物馆：The Palace Museum 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand 春卷：Spring Roll(s) 莲藕：Lotus Root

北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck 门当户对：Perfect Match/ Exact Match

六级翻译之环境保护篇

中国环保基本方针 China’s guiding principles for

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environmental protection

坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection

推行可持续发展战略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development

贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展（三同步）的方针

carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the “three synchronizes” principle)

促进经济和经济增长方式的转变 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth

实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一 bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection 中国环保基本 the basic policies of China’s environmental protection

预防为主、防治结合的 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control

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污染者负担的 “the-polluters-pay” policy 强化环境管理的 policy of tightening up environmental management

对新项目实行环境影响评估 conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) on start-up projects 提高全民环保意识 raise environmental awareness amongst the general public

查处违反环保法规案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection

环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection

限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time

生物多样性Biological Diversity 防治荒漠化Combat Desertification 生态示范区 eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region

国家级生态示范区（珠海） Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region

国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City 对水质和空气质量的影响 impact on the quality of

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the water and the air

治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution 工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes 白色污染 white pollution

可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags

垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill

防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation

森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation 水土流失 water and soil erosion 水土保持 conservation of water and soil 生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture

海水淡化 sea water desalinization 绿化祖国 turn the country green

绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space 森林覆盖率 forest coverage

防风林 wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks） 速生林 fast-growing trees

降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation

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开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources 环保产品 environment-friendly products 自然保护区 nature reserve

保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats 濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife

珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center

自然生态系统 natural ecosystems 先天与后天，遗传与环境 nature-nurture

环境恶化 environmental degradation/deterioration 二氧化硫排放 sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions 悬浮颗粒物 suspended particles 工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharged

矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气） fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas 清洁能源 clean energy

汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust 尾气净化器 exhaust purifier 无铅汽油 lead-free gasoline 天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles

电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars 温室效应 greenhouse effect

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