高级英语第一册试题B

1. To ask what the _______ of computers are is like asking what are the applications of electricity.

usage application practice

2. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through _______ boyhood.

endless permanent eternal

3. It would be ______, but no more than waiting here for certain detection. perilous hazardous parlous chancy

4. It grows louder and more _____ until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of _____ lamps and braziers. distinct, innumerable clear, countless distinct, numerable

5. I was offered my teaching job back but I ________. Later I became a geologist for an oil company.

refused rejected declined

6. I was again crushed by the thought that I stood on the _______ of the first atomic bombardment.

spot site place area

7. Just as the Industrial Revolution took over a(n) _________ range of tasks from men’s muscles and enormously expanded productivity, so the microcomputer is rapidly assuming huge burdens of drudgery from the human brain.

immense enormous numerous huge

8. The poor old man died of _______ at the hand of the slave-owner. mistreatment ill-treatment

9. Mark Twain had become a very _______ man during his later life, which was reflected in his writings. He believed that the world was wrong, where people achieved nothing. sarcastic ironic cynical sentimental

10. This is the _________ lawyer who is likely to win the whole nation’s attention. clever intelligent remarkable brilliant

11. The _________ of computers are increasing at a fantastic rate. able capable

12. If he does guess correctly, he will price the item high, and _______ little in the bargaining. produce resign surrender yield

13. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as _____ as I was. constrain curb inhibit withhold

14. They would also like to _____ the atomic museum. demolish destroy ruin smash

15. There must be no mistake, no _____ or dallying because of her own smallness of mind. irresolution hesitancy wavering vacillation(优柔寡断）

16. The taxi driver _______ at me in the rear-view mirror when I got on the car. smile laugh grin stare

17. Motors and bicycles threaded their way among the ______ of the people entering and leaving the market.

crowd throng

18. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the ________ of their native land, guarding the fields. threshold frontiers entrance

19. The _______ I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic-arched gateway of aged brick and stone.

bazaar market mart exchange

20. The house detective’s piggy eyes surveyed her ________ from his gross-jowled face. sardonic sarcastic ironical

II. Sentence and Structure (30%)

A. Paraphrase the following. Use brief words. (20%)

1. a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race 2. My life is much simplified thereby

3. Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. 4. little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people 5. The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.

6. The computer might appear to be a dehumanizing factor, but the opposite is in fact true. 7. The house detective’s piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.

8. The microelectronic revolution promises to ease, enhance and simplify life in ways undreamed of even by the utopians.

9. I experience a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.

10. Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.

B. Collocation: Choose the most appropriate expression to fill in the blank. (10%) 1. I treaded cautiously______ the tatami matting. a) on b) in c)down d) out 2. He reverted_______ this theme

a) into b) to c) onto d)on

3. Steamboat decks teemed not only______ the main current of pioneering humanity, but is flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.

a) up b) of c) on d)with

4. The widest benefits of the electronic revolution (unlike those of most revolutions) will accrue_______ the young.

a) for b) except c) to d)including

5. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge______ your ear. a) on b) to c)at d) against

6. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein______ her racing mind. a) in b) inside c) to d) on

7. The subjugation of the western Hemisphere______ his will

a) to （强迫服从 b) in c) according to d) against 8. Bitterness fed_______ the man who had made the world laugh. a) back b) to c) up d) on

9. But later my hair began to fall_______, and my belly turned to water. a) off b) out c) through d) away 10. The situation came_______ one essential.

a) up with b) up to c) down to归结起来为··· d) up against

III. Please identify the figures of speech used in the following underlined parts of the sentences. (10%)

1 ( ) Then there is the spice-market, with its pungent and exotic smells; and the food-market, where you can by everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner, or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese.antithesis

2 ( ) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.metonymy转喻 3. ( ) Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters.anti-climax

4 ( ) I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist, this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.metaphor隐喻

5 ( ) We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose. repetition

6 ( ) We will never parley. We will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.

parallelism

7 ( ) He made an attempt to square his shoulders.metaphor

8 ( ) With the chip, amazing feats of memory and execution become possible in everything from automobile engines to universities and hospitals, from farms to banks and corporate offices, from outer space to a baby’s nursery. parallelism

9 ( ) Huck Finn’s idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood....hyperbole

10( ) It was a splendid population --- for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home... alliteration

IV. Passage Reading and Question Answering (10%)

“I am a fisherman by trade. I have been here a very long time, more than twenty years, ” said an old man in Japanese pajamas. “What is wrong with you?”

“Something inside. I was in Hiroshima when it happened. I saw the fireball. But I had no burns on my face or body. I ran all over the city looking for missing friends and relatives. I thought somehow I had been spared. But later my hair began to fall out, and my belly turned to water. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.”

The doctor at my side explained and commented upon the old man’s story, “We still have a handful of patients here who are being kept alive by constant care. The others died as a result of their injuries, or else committed suicide.” “Why did they commit suicide?”

“It is humiliating to survive in this city. If you bear any visible scars of atomic burns, you children will encounter prejudice on the part of those who do not. No one will marry the daughter or the niece of an atomic bomb victim. People are afraid of genetic damage from the radiation.”

The old fisherman gazed at me politely and with interest.

Hanging over the patient was a big ball made of bits of brightly colored paper, folded into the shape of tiny birds. “What’s that?” I asked.

“Those are my lucky birds. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others. This way I look at them and congratulate myself on the good fortune that my illness has brought me. Because, thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character.”

A. Write a summary of this passage in about 50 words. (6%). B. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (4%)

1. Where do you think the scene described in the above passage might happen? 2. Why won’t a young man marry the daughter or niece of an atomic bomb victim?

V. Reading comprehension (40%) A. Multiple Choice Passage 1

RUSSIA’S NEW REVOLUTION IN CONSERVATION

When naturalist Sergei Smirenski set out to create Russia’s first private nature reserve since the Bolshevik revolution, he knew that the greatest obstacle would be overcoming bureaucratic resistance.

The Moscow State University professor has charted a steep uphill course through a variety of foes, from local wildlife service officials who covet his funding to government officials who saw move value in development than conservation. But with incredible dedication, and the support of a wide range of international donors from Japan to the United States, the Murovyovka Nature Park has finally come into being.

Founded at a small ceremony last summer, the private reserve covers 11,000 acres of pristine wetlands along the banks of the Amur River in the Russia Far East. Here, amid forests and marshes encompassing a variety of microhabitats, nest some of the world’s rarest birds—tall, elegant cranes whose numbers are counted in the mere hundreds.

The creation of the park marks a new approach to nature conservation in Russia, one that combines traditional methods of protection with an attempt to adapt to the changing economic and political circumstances of the new Russia.

“There must be a thousand ways to save a wetland. It is time for vision and risk, and also hard practicality,” wrote Jim Harris, deputy director of the International Crane Foundation, a Wisconsin-based organization dedicated to the study and preservation of cranes, which has been a major supporter of the Murovyovka project.

Dr. Smirenski’s vision has been eminently down to earth. At every step, he has tried to involve local officials, businessmen and collective farms in the project, giving them a practical, economic stake in its success. And with international support, he is trying to introduce new methods of organize farming that will be more compatible with preserving the wetlands.

1. The Murovyovka Nature Reserve came into being because of

[A] Russian government officials. [B] the International Crane Foundation.

[C] the determination of one man. [D] an unrealistic dream. 2. If one “charts a steep uphill course” (paragraph 2), one

[A] expects an arduous journey. [B] maps out a mountain trip.

[C] assumes that life will be uneventful. [D] sets himself a difficult goal. 3. The preserved “pristine wetlands” mentioned in paragraph 3 are [A] unspoiled. [B] precious. [C] immaculate. [D] uncontaminated. 4. The passage states that the Nature Reserve is

[A] an arid, uninhabited area. [B] the only reserve in Russia.

[C] home to many different birds. [D] economically beneficial to local inhabitants. 5. The passage implies that the preservation of wetlands [A] can only be accomplished with traditional methods. [B] requires imagination, daring and pragmatism. [C] is usually a popular concern of politicians. [D] limits an area’s development. Passage 2

THE PEARL OF ORR’S ISLAND Chapter IV

The sea lay like an unbroken mirror all around the pine-girl, lonely shores of Orr’s Island. Tall, kingly spruces wore their regal crowns of cones high in air, sparkling with diamonds of clear exuded gum; vast old hemlocks of primeval growth stood darkling in their forest shadows, their branches hung with long hoary moss; while feathery larches, turned to brilliant gold by autumn frosts, lighted up the darker shadows of the evergreens. It was one of those hazy, calm, dissolving days of Indian summer, when everything is so quiet that the faintest kiss of the wave on the beach can be heard, and white clouds seem to faint into the bluer of the sky, and soft swathing bands of violet vapor make all earth look dreamy, and give to the sharp, clear-cut outlines of the northern landscape all those mysteries of light and shade which impart such tenderness to Italian scenery. The funeral was over,—the tread of many feet, bearing the heavy burden of two broken lives, had been to the lonely graveyard, and had come back again, —each footstep lighter and more unconstrained as each one went his way from the great old tragedy of Death to the common cheerful walks of Life.

The solemn black clock stood swaying with its eternal “tick-tock, tick-tock,” in the kitchen of the brown house on Orr’s Island. There was there that sense of a stillness that can be felt, —such as settles down on a dwelling when any of its inmates have passed through its doors for the last time, to go whence they shall not return. The best room was shut up and darkened, with only so much light as could fall through a little heart-shaped hole in the window-shutter,—for except on solemn visits, or prayer-meetings, or weddings, or funerals, that room formed no part of the daily family scenery.

The kitchen was clean and ample, with a great open fireplace and wide stone hearth, and oven on one side, and rows of old-fashioned splint-bottomed chairs against the wall. A table scoured to snowy whiteness, and a little work-stand whereon lay the Bible, the Missionary Herald, and the Weekly Christian Mirror, before named, formed the principal furniture. One feature, however, must not be forgotten,—a great sea-chest, which had been the companion of Zephaniah through all the countries of the earth. Old, and battered, and unsightly it looked, yet report said that there was good store within of that which men for the most part respect more than anything else; and, indeed,

it proved often when a deed of grace was to be done—when a woman was suddenly made a widow in a coast gale, or a fishing-smack was run down in the fogs off the banks, leaving in some neighboring cottage a family of orphans,—in all such cases, the opening of this sea-chest was an event of good men to the bereaved; for Zephaniah had a large heart and a large hand, and was apt to take it out full of silver dollars when once it went in. So the ark of the covenant could not have been looked on with more reverence than the neighbors usually showed to Captain Pennel’s sea-chest.

6. Stowe describes Orr’s Island in a manner.

[A] emotionally appealing, imaginative [B] rational, logically precise [C] factually detailed, objective [D] vague, uncertain 7. According to the passage, the “best room” [A] has its many windows boarded up. [B] has had the furniture removed.

[C] is used only on formal and ceremonious occasions. [D] is the busiest room in the house.

8. From the description of the kitchen we can infer that the house belongs to people who [A] never have guests. [B] like modern appliances. [C] are probably religious. [D] dislike housework. 9. The passage implies that

[A] few people attended the funeral. [B] fishing is a secure vocation.

[C] the island is densely populated. [D] the house belonged to the deceased. 10. From the description of Zephaniah we can tell that he

[A] was physically a very big man. [B] preferred the lonely life of a sailor. [C] always stayed at home. [D] was frugal and saved a lot of money.

B. Read the following passage and answer the questions. Your answers should be given in English. Be brief and straight to the point. (20%) Small Kicks in Superland

I often go to the supermarket for the pure fun of it, and I suspect a lot of people do too. The supermarket fills some of the same needs the neighborhood saloon used to satisfy. There you can mix with neighbors when you are lonely, or feeling claustrophobic (患幽闭恐怖症的) with family, or when you simply feel the urge to get out and be part of the busy, interesting world.

As in the old neighborhood saloon, something is being sold, and this helps clothe the visit in wholesome material purpose. The national character tends to fear acts performed solely for pleasure; even our sexual hedonists（享乐主义者） usually justify themselves with the thought that they are doing a higher duty to social reform or mental hygiene.

It is hard to define the precise pleasures of the supermarket. Unlike the saloon, it does not hold out promise of drugged senses of commonly considered basic to pleasure.

There is, to be sure, the brilliant color of the fruit-and-vegetable department to lift the spirit out of gray January’s wearies, provided you do not look at the prices.

There are fantastic riches of pointless variety to make the mind delight in the excess that is America. In my neighborhood supermarket, for example, there are twenty or thirty yards of nothing but paper towels of varying colors, patterns and thicknesses.

What an amazing country that can make it so hard for a man to choose among things designed for the purpose of being thrown away!

The people, however, are the real lure. As in the traditional saloon, there are many who seem determined to leave nothing for anybody else. These people prowl the aisles with carts overflowing with excesses of consumption. Twenty pounds of red meat, back-breaking cartons of powdered soap, onions wrapped lovingly in molded plastic, peanut butter by the hundredweight, cake mixes, sugar, oils, whole pineapples, wheels of cheese, candied watermelon rind, preserved camel humps from Persia…

Groaning and sweating, they pile their tonnage up to the checker, see it packaged in a forest’s worth of paper bags and, the whole now reassembled as a tower of bags pyramided on another cart, they stagger off to their cars, drained of their wealth but filled with pride in their awesome capacity of consumption.

At times, seeing such a customer trying to buy up the whole supermarket, one is tempted to say, “Come now, my good woman, you’ve had enough for the day.” Unfortunately, the ambience（气氛） of supermarkets does not encourage verbal exchanges. In this it is inferior to the saloon. Urban people, of course, are terribly scared nowadays. They may yearn for society, but it is risky to go around talking to strangers for a lot of reasons, one being that people are so accustomed not to have many human contacts that they are afraid they may find out they really prefer life that way.

Whatever the reason, they go to the supermarket to be with people, but not to talk with people. The rule seems to be, you can look but you can’t speak. Ah, well most days there is a good bit to see. The other day in my own supermarket, for example, there was a woman who was sneakily （鬼鬼祟祟地） lifting the cardboard lids on Sara Lee frozen coffee cakes and peeking under, eyeball to coffee cake, to see if---what?

Could she have misplaced something? Did she suspect that the contents were not as advertised? Whatever her purposes, she didn’t buy. Another woman was kneading（捏） a long package of white bread with her fingertips, rather like a doctor going over an abdomen for a cry of pain that might confirm appendicitis (阑尾炎). I had seen those silly women in the television commercial squeeze toilet paper, and so was prepared for almost anything, but this medical examination of the bread was startling.

The woman, incidentally, did not buy. She left the store without a single purchase. This may have been because she looked at the “express checkout” line, saw that it would take forty-five minutes to pay for her bread and decided bread was not worth the wait.

I suspect that woman who left empty-handed never intended to buy. I think she had simply become lonely sitting alone in her flat, or had begun to feel claustrophobic perhaps with her family, and had decided to go out to the supermarket and knead a loaf of white bread for the pure fun of feeling herself part of the great busy world.

1. According to the author, what purposes does the supermarket serve for ordinary Americans? Give your answer within 50 words. (4%)

2. What, according to the author, is the real attraction of the supermarket? What kind of people does the author describe in the essay? (4%)

3. What is the author’s tone in describing the big buyers and the two women? How do you know his attitude? (4%)

4. According to the author, what is the major weakness of the supermarket, in comparison with the traditional saloon? Why do so many people go to the supermarket although they are well aware of this weakness? (4%)

5. What problem does the author identify with the modern American life? Is going to the supermarket a likely cure? Why or why not? (4%)

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