残疾人心理健康服务现状

来源：独旅网

According to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party's 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \"pragmatic and clean for the people\" as the main content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have \"common language\" socialist countries must have \"unity of will\". History has 残疾人心理健康服务现状

王哲敏王颖

（武汉市第八医院四唯街社区卫生服务中心，湖北武汉）随着竞争与社会经济的飞速发展，由于沉重的精神负荷而引起的心理失衡现象日益增多。在健康问题上，人们已从躯体健康的需求向心身健康的需求过渡，迫切希望保持一种心身和社会适应的最佳状态。然而，由于现代快生活节奏、竞争加剧、家庭结构变化、社会观念变更等诸多问题，不少人变得难以认同，无所适从，因此导致各种心理障碍和精神疾病。根据调查数据推算，我国有各类残疾人8 296 万人，占总人口比例的 6.05%，关联到2 亿多家庭人口[1]。经过多方调研，80%以上的残疾人都存在不同的心理问题，在心理健康和辅导方面急需专业帮助。残疾人是社会的弱势群体，其因残疾而普遍存在与健全人不同的心理健康问题，我国正处于从传统社会向现代社会的转型时期，对残疾人心理健康的干预尚处于起步阶段，加大对残疾人的关怀照顾是社会和谐的一个标志。目前，随着我国残疾人事业的不断发展，一些大中城市的残疾人组织先后开办了残疾人心理咨询机构，为当地的残疾人提供心理咨询服务，努力矫正其心理功能，使残疾人残而不废，成为对社会有用的一员。本文就残疾人心理健康服务现状综述如下。 1 残疾人心理健康服务的方法与效果

1.1 心理干预杨竹洁等[2]采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）对研究对象进行评估，根据评定结果，由国家二级心理咨询师、社区医生和助残员组成干预小组实施心理干预措施。主要采取了团体咨询、个别辅导和家庭教育相结合的综合心理干预，为期12 个月。结果表明在改善人际关系和家庭支持方面，心理综合干预对残疾人的心理康复有积极作用。黄凌谊等[3]采用随机整群抽样法，选用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对残疾人进行评估，由国家注册的心理咨询师进行为期6 个月的心理健康服务。通过专题讲座、团体辅导和个体咨询进行心理干预，也证明了心理干预对残疾人心理健康水平的提高有明显的作用。

1.2 社会支持干预残疾人是一个特殊而困难的群体，需要社会给予特别的扶持和帮助，从而实现参与社会生活。残疾人的社会支持是帮助残疾人补偿自身缺陷，克服环境障碍，使他们平等地参与社会生活、分享社会发展成果。研究表明，一个人的身心健康，尤其是心理健康状况，除了自身调节之外，社会支持是一个重要的影响因素，良好的社会关系和社会支持有利于维护个体的身心健康。曹海涛[4]通过加大客观支持、加大主观支持以及提高支持利用等三个方面实施社会支持干预，提高了社区肢体残疾人的社会支持程度，并有利于残疾人心理健康的改善。张璇等[5]将社会目标模式、治疗模式和互动模式三大小组工作模式运用于残疾人的心理干预中，通过团体之间的生活经验分享和感受聆听，让残疾人感受到自己是被关注的个体；

proved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today ... Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the party's governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of party's advanced nature and purity and enhancing the party's ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the party's fundamental standards, is a measure of the party's advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different fromother political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses ' assessment, which itself was the party's advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive work, but there are still someAccording to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party'18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \"pragmatic and clean for the people\" as the main content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have \"common language\" socialist countries must have \"unity of will\". History ha通过共同合作达成目标，使其感受到自身的能力和团体对其的关注；通过小组过程使残疾人学习遵从适应社会需要的行为规

范，培养其社会责任心，鼓励其在今后的社会生活中担当起积极而有用的角色，从而更好地实现对残疾人的引导，带领其走出心灵误区。

1.3 体育运动干预体育运动对残疾人的康复可起到积

极作用，其可有效地改善残疾人身体各器官、系统的功能，提高机体的能力，最大限度地补偿残疾带给他们的不便，使他们融入社会，增强生活的信心和勇气，逐步走上身心健康发展的道路。残疾人运动员通过平时的训练不但改变了自身的身体素质，竞技能力，建立了良好的运动能力方面的自我概念；而且，参与竞技比赛对他们社会、家庭、感情等方面会带来一些积极的影响，促进积极的自我概念形成[6]。王文平等[7]对我国2010 年残疾人射击锦标赛运动员的心理健康状况进行了测评分析，结果显示：残疾人射击运动员心理健康水平明显高于不参加任何运动训练的残疾人。傅振磊[8]对坐式排球运动员与普通残疾人的心理健康状况进行了调查研究，结果表明坐式排球运动为残疾人参加体育活动创造了一个契机，在某种程度上满足了他们的精神需要，有利于提高残疾人的心理健康水平，值得在残疾人这一特殊群体中进行推广。综上所述，体育运动能激励残疾人勇于迎接挑战，增进生理机能，改善心理状态，促进与社会的融合，促使残疾人平等参与共享的目标得以实现[9]。 1.4 残疾人心理互助张凌晨[10]在四川汶川地震后参加心理援助的过程中，探讨了残疾人心理互助组织的建立。这个组织里的成员均为残疾人，与健全人对残疾人的心理救助相比，残疾人心理互助具有下列优势：沟通更为有效；具有健全人没有的品质；残疾人能作为自理能力的引导师；残疾人心理互助对于救助者也能起到促进作用。残疾人之间的心理援助，在很多时候比正常人更有效，甚至比某些心理专家都更有效。因为他们都是残疾人，彼此之间能自然沟通，正因为其无可比拟的作用，必将成为残疾人心理救援的突破口，发挥越来越重要的作用。

2 残疾人心理健康服务存在的问题

2.1 服务体系不完善目前，我国的残疾人公共服务理念不到位，残疾利保护未得到足够重视，残疾人公共服务不均等，在心理服务体系中服务对象都不是残疾人[11]，社会心理咨询体系中，缺乏针对残疾人的咨询机构，忽视了残疾人的心理服务。

2.2 服务技术力量薄弱残疾人心理疏导及其工作系统的建立，是一种高层次的工作，需要诸多高素质的专家和专业人才的共同合作。在一些经济发达的大中城市，残疾人组织开办了少量的残疾人心理康复机构，培训了一批心理康复咨询工作者，为当地的残疾患者提供心理健康服务。但是由于专业人员和数量的，心理健康服务只注重有严重心理问题残疾人

proved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today ... Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the party's governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of party's advanced nature and purity and enhancing the party's ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the party's fundamental standards, is a measure of the party's advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different fromother political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses ' assessment, which itself was the party's advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive work, but there are still someAccording to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party's 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \"pragmatic and clean for the people\" as the main content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have \"common language\" socialist countries must have \"unity of will\". History has 的心理康复，对于心理问题的预防和心理教育还没有得到应有的重视。同时，学校和社会的心理服务机构中，真正有资质的心理咨询师不多，大都没有经过正规训练，能力水平受到质疑，特别是既能掌握残疾人心理特点，又能与残疾人进行交流的服务人员更少[12]。

2.3 服务支持系统不健全我国现阶段尚处于发展时

期，普遍存在对残疾人服务重视不够的现象。长期以来，社会中仍存在一些对于残疾人的不全面的认识，残疾人公共服务得不到有效落实，所提供的公共服务不能满足残疾人的基本需求，公共服务行为不规范，残疾人公共事业发展缓慢等。在残疾儿童的医疗、入托和残疾青少年入学、残疾成人的就业及社会无障碍环境方面，还需要有切实可行的[13]。由于人力和财力等原因，残疾人的社区服务和社区康复还存在许多问题，社区服务只注重残疾人的生理康复，而忽视了残疾人的心理矫正[14]；社区志愿者不足，缺少经过培训的社区医护人员，社区资源仍不足，需要通过整合社会资源以共同完成社区残疾人的心理健康工作。 3 建议与对策

3.1 完善残疾人服务体系是基础加强残疾人服务体系规划和制度建设，有效整合各方资源，不断扩大残疾人服务覆盖面。制定、完善残疾人服务机构建设和技术考核标准，完善行业管理制度和评价机制，推进残疾人服务体系的规范化和专业化，全面提高为残疾人服务的能力和水平。应把残疾人的心理服务明确列入服务体系的范畴，积极关注和关心残疾人事业，关注残疾人的身心健康。部门需进一步加强对残疾人的扶持，把残疾人心理服务机构的建设定位为公益事业，加大投入，成立面对残疾人心理服务的培训、咨询与康复、心理教育等服务机构，构建残疾人心理服务体系[13]。

3.2 建立高素质的残疾人心理服务队伍是关键心理服务是一门涉及多学科的综合科学，对从业者的专业水平要求很高。心理康复是一个长期的调节过程，需要有一批具有心理学专业基本知识以及心理治疗方法的心理医生作为残疾人心理康复的保障[14]。结合目前残疾人心理服务的现状，应通过专、兼、聘等多种形式，建设一支精干的残疾人心理服务队伍。经过专业化心理人才的培养、在职岗位培训等逐步实行资格认证，实现残疾人心理服务的规范化。通过普及心理科学知识，使非专业的心理服务志愿者者通过教育、管理、训练等形式接受一定的心理学知识和技能的培训，给残疾人提供基础的心理疏导和帮助。

3.3 健全服务支持体系是保障残疾人心理健康服务支持体系是一项系统工作，为了能够保证其顺利实施，必须在政策、组织机构的建设、经费的筹措等方面提供充分的保障。通过完善社会化康复服务网络，逐步实现残疾人人人享有康复服务；完善残疾人教育服务体系，不断提高残疾人受教育水平；发

proved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today ... Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the party's governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of party's advanced nature and purity and enhancing the party's ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the party's fundamental standards, is a measure of the party's advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different fromother political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses ' assessment, which itself was the party's advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive work, but there are still someAccording to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party'18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \"pragmatic and clean for the people\" as the main content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have \"common language\" socialist countries must have \"unity of will\". History ha展残疾人文化体育服务，丰富残疾人精神文化生活。同时还需要健全残疾人法律服务体系，维护残疾人合法权益，发挥残疾人组织作用。残疾人的心理健康服务常常是伴随其一生的过程，残疾人生活在社区，与社区的关系最紧密，尤其是推动残疾人的社会参与，促进社区的融合而改变社区社会环境。建立残疾人家庭、家长的社会支持系统，社区的辅助工作做到位可给残疾人的心理健康提供良好的保障。

2802当前，我国在残疾人心理服务上还存在许多不足，残疾人自身心理维护和发展的自觉性更是不高，加强残疾人心理健康教育，构建残疾人心理健康服务体系，对提高残疾人身心健康，构建和谐社会，促进社会文明进步具有十分重要的现实意义。残疾人心理康复不仅仅是残疾人工作者一项十分重要的工作，更需要全社会的共同努力，为残疾人平等参与社会生活提供前提和保障。正因为如此，探索并推进残疾人心理健康服务工作更显必要及重要。参考文献

[1] 李祚山，张文默，叶梅.残疾人心理健康服务体系的构建及实践研究[J].重庆师范大学学报，2010，4（4）：100-105.

[2] 杨竹洁，薛晶晶.社区残疾人心理健康状况调查和干预初探[J].中国初级卫生保健，2012，26（6）：19-21.

[3] 黄凌谊，张翔.心理干预对提高残疾人心理健康水平的作用[J].中国民康医学，2011，23（23）：2968-2969.

[4] 曹海涛. 社会支持干预对改善肢体残疾人心理健康状况的研究[J]. 社区卫生保健，2011，10（3）：224-226.

[5] 张璇，周玉婷，张永红.小组社会工作在残疾人心理干预中的运用[J]. 法制与社会，2010，3（2）：220-221.

[6] 刘洋，陶玉流，Martine Kudlacek.期待与认同：残疾人奥林匹克运动的心理健康教育价值[J].天津体育学院学报，2010，25（5）：414-417. [7] 王文平，王勤宇.我国2010 年残疾人射击锦标赛运动员心理健康状况分析[J].山西大同大学学报（自然科学版），2010，26（4）：79-81. [8] 傅振磊.坐式排球运动员与普通残疾人心理健康状况的比较研究[J]. 吉林体育学院学报，2005，21（2）：91-92.

[9] 刘霞.浅谈体育对残疾人心理的影响[J].河南职工医学院学报， 2008，20（3）：273-275.

[10] 张凌晨.特殊的心理救助———残疾人心理互助组织初探[J].法制与社会，2008，1（1）：224-225.

[11] 叶发钦.广西残疾人心理健康服务体系构建的探索[J].广西教育学院学报，2011，11（1）：15-17.

[12] 叶发钦.论残疾人心理服务存在的问题及对策[J].广西教育学院学报，2010，10（3）：51-53.

[13] 赫琳，张翔.残疾人心理康复的实践与思考[J].中国民康医学，2010，22 （23）：3075-3076.

[14] 李金红.残疾人社区服务：问题与对策[J].江汉大学学报（社会科学

proved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today ... Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the party's governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of party's advanced nature and purity and enhancing the party's ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the party's fundamental standards, is a measure of the party's advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different fromother political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses ' assessment, which itself was the party's advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive work, but there are still someAccording to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party's 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \"pragmatic and clean for the people\" as the main content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have \"common language\" socialist countries must have \"unity of will\". History has 版），2011，28（5）：846-851. （收稿日期：2013-04-11）

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