读后续写微讲座二：读通(情节发展)
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
Ⅰ 外刊输入——悟语言之道
Growing from Travel
Sept. 27 is World Tourism Day. Of course, travel isn't a new discovery. Imagine how Italian traveler Marco Polo must have felt when he found himself on Chinese soil, seeing a way of life extremely different from anything he'd seen before.
And how amazing must it have been to listen to Zhang Qian, Chinese explorer, the first man to bring back a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia to the court of China when he returned? He was dispatched by the Han Dynasty emperor Wudi in 138 BCE to establish contact with the Yuezhi people, a Central Asian tribal group that spoke an Indo-European language. Captured by the Xiongnu, viewed as enemies of China, he was held for 10 years. Nevertheless, he managed to reach his destination and returned to China after an absence of 13 years. His brain must have been packed with details he'd seen and heard, leading to the founding of the Silk Road.
Travel is one of the most exciting experiences a human being can have. Nowadays, more people are travelling than ever before, using various means of transport. By train, plane and car, people all around the globe are visiting places that people didn't even know or only knew from books.
Some people have travelled all over the world, and travel is a unique way of life to them. They perhaps know what to expect before they make travel arrangements. That's why the best travel is when it's for the first time. Imagine a person who has always wanted to travel to the United States. Of course, they've probably seen the Statue of Liberty a thousand times on the TV, the White House, and all the other famous sights. But none of them would compare to the thrill of looking out of the cabin window as the flight lands, watching the cities, streets and paths of the real America come into view.
Although travel is often just for fun, it's also educational. We may not know that we are getting an education, but we still are. We're learning every day: new words in a new language, new people, and new ways of life. But it is in the school of the world that this powerful learning takes place, not the classroom. The most important one is undoubtedly a moral one. As we get to know foreign places, we come to recognise that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn't necessarily the best way. So, travel teaches toleration.
1.重点词汇再现 (1)extremely adv. (2)amazing adj. (3)emperor n. (4)contact n. (5)view v.
极其地 令人惊叹的 皇帝 联系 看待
(6)destination n. (7)detail n. (8)transport n. (9)unique adj. (10)arrangement n. (11)sight n. (12)flight n. (13)path n. (14)powerful adj. (15)recognise v. 2．经典句型再现 (1)强调句型
目的地 细节 交通运输 独特的 安排 景色 航班 小路 强有力的 认出；认可
But it is in the school of the world that this powerful learning takes place, not the classroom.
但是这种强有力的学习是在世界的学校里进行的，而不是在教室里。 (2)as引导时间状语从句
As we get to know foreign places, we come to recognise that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn't necessarily the best way.
当我们了解外国的地方时，我们逐渐认识到许多不同的生活方式，而我们的生活方式不一定是最好的。
Ⅱ 迷你语料库(Mini Corpus) 序号 佳句呈现 Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with ①用来描述地理位置，特别注1 three main areas①： narrow, 意两个介词on和with的选择；dry, flat land running along② ②running along是非谓语动the coast, the Andes Mountains, 词，表示“沿着”。 and the Amazon rainforest. It is for this reason that Spanish 2 is the main official language of Peru. 强调句型。要特别注意强调句型的构成：It is/ was＋被强调赏析
部分＋that＋句子的其他成分。最大的特点：如果去掉It is/was和that 仍然是一个完整的句子。 From there, you'll spend one 在spend...(in) doing sth.中in3 day travelling by boat to your 可以省略；此句中accommodation in the middle accommodation表示“住of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a 4 local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. After reaching your destination, 5 you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 描述抵达旅行目的地之后的总体计划和感受。可用于介绍旅行计划安排。 表语前置引起全部倒装。表语6 Especially amazing is the Incas' especially amazing前置是为了dry stone method of building. 突出和强调。可以在写作中使用这种结构。 Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was so that引导结果状语从句，表7 needed to hold walls together 示“因此……”；other than other than the perfect fit of the 表示“除……以外”。 stones. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, 8 admire the 用祈使句和动词的联动描述architecture, enjoy the excellent 旅行活动。在旅行话题的写作local food, and go shopping at 中可以使用。 the local markets. 描述旅行计划。其中exploring和enjoying 为并列成分。 处”。
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving ①as引导时间状语从句；9 along the new highway① ②v.-ing形式作后置定语，修connecting② Cusco to Lake 饰名词短语the new highway。 Titicaca. 续 表 序号 佳句呈现 I've heard that it is an amazing sight, and I can't wait to go. 赏析 描述迫不及待的心情。can't 10 wait to do＝can hardly wait to do。 11 It's amazing that there are more it为形式主语，真正的主语为than 8，000 statues. Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8，000 statues 描述中国古代文明的代表—were made in the third century —兵马俑。其中“to BCE to guard the tomb of the guard...Qinshihuang”作目的状Chinese Qinshihuang！ Each statue has a different face, 描述兵马俑的迷人之处。其中Emperor 语。 后面that 引导的从句。 12 13 leading researchers to believe “leading researchers...soldier”that each one is a copy of a real 是v.-ing形式作结果状语，表soldier. 示“自然而然的结果”。 Ⅲ 读后续写起始篇：读通——情节发展(Plot development) 1．了解叙事模式
故事的发展往往遵循一定的叙述模式，即 开端(Beginning) 发展(Rising Action) 高潮(Climax) 尾声(Falling Action) 结局(Ending) 介绍故事发生的背景和人物 引出文章最大的冲突(conflict) 故事冲突最猛烈的地方，即故事发展的顶点 故事逐渐收拢，清扫故事发展遗留的问题 最大的冲突得以解决，故事结束
一般情况下，在读后续写提供的语篇中，已经出现了三部分：开端(Beginning)；发展(Rising Action)；高潮(Climax)。需要续写的两段分别对应尾声(Falling Action)和结局(Ending)。
2．情节山(Plot mountain)
一般情况下，可以采用绘制plot mountain“情节山”的方式整理文章脉络，阐释文章的情节发展。如下图：
通过绘制情节山，可以梳理文章脉络，为下一步的续写做好准备和铺垫。
【典题精析】
阅读下面的材料， 完成以下任务。
Mr. Taylor checked again: water, food, bandage, medicines, a compass, and a map wrapped in plastic...Bingo! He put all that he prepared for the coming hiking into his backpack.
Mr. Taylor was fond of hiking, this time in particular, for it was the first time for him to hike with his two sons, Harry and Joel. Joel liked reading books about explorers and Harry joined the hiking club in his school this term. “It will be an unforgettable experience, definitely.” he whispered to himself, unconsciously a smile spreading over his face.
Harry and Joel, however, argued for the first three miles of their hiking trip. Harry accused Joel of wearing smelly old shoes. Joel blamed Harry for using all of the bug spray (喷雾防虫剂). Harry told Joel he smelled terrible, and Joel called Harry a coward (懦夫)．
“Will the two of you just quiet down and enjoy our hike together？” their father said. “You're missing all of the beautiful scenery！”
It was true. Neither Joel nor Harry had taken notice of the bear their father had spied at the start of their trip. They hadn't looked up at the eagle he pointed out overhead. Worst of all, they hadn't paid any attention to the turns and twists along the way while they continued their argument.
“Joel threw a stick at me！” Harry screamed. “That's not true！” Joel shouted back.
Mr. Taylor could no longer contain his anger. “And both of you need to stop arguing！” he erupted. As he turned to face them, his left foot caught on a root. He slipped backward and down muddy bank, falling into the river that ran alongside the path.
The two kids, now in a panic, became silent and seemed at a loss what to do next. Mr. Taylor sighed and began to give them instructions. Harry was arranged to spread the wet clothes on a nearby stone and let it dry while Joel was helping Mr. Taylor wrap the wound. Before Mr. Taylor uttered a word, Joel yelled, “If only you had stopped arguing earlier with me! There would be no problem！” “It's not my fault！” Harry retorted, glaring at him with burning anger.
“Just calm down.”Mr. Taylor shouted. The boys lowered their heads, ashamed. They turned to Mr. Taylor for guidance. Fortunately, it was not long before they learned the basics. So they set off again. On the way, they gradually learned to cooperate with each other. Eventually, the hiking turned out to be a delightful experience. Looking at their bright smiles, Mr. Taylor felt all the difficulties were worth it.
1．叙事模式分析
开端 (Beginning) Paragraphs1－2： Mr. Taylor went hiking with his two sons, Harry and Joel. Paragraphs：3－7： 发展 (Rising Action) Harry and Joel argued for the first three miles of their hiking trip． 文章最大的冲突： 哈利和乔尔一直在吵架。 Paragraphs：8－10 Mr. Taylor could no longer contain his anger. 高潮(Climax) He slipped backward and down muddy bank, falling into the river that ran alongside the path. 高潮：泰勒先生落水了。幸运的是，虽然全身湿透了，泰勒先生只受了轻伤。
尾声 (Falling Action) 结局(Ending) Harry and Joel took care of Mr. Taylor, stopped quarrelling, and cooperated to finish the hiking. They finished hiking successfully. 2.绘制情节山(Draw plot mountain)
答案：①Mr. Taylor went hiking with his two sons, Harry and Joel. ②Harry and Joel argued for the first three miles of their hiking trip. ③Mr. Taylor fell into the river.
④Harry and Joel took care of Mr. Taylor, stopped quarrelling and cooperated to finish the hiking.
⑤They finished hiking successfully.
高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。
一、备考策略务必精准
高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。一是细化“作战地图”。从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平
时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。二是组织集体攻坚。发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。三是找准学科增分点。认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，找准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，找到质量提升的突破口。
二、课堂教学务必高效。课堂是教育教学是主阵地。高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。一是上好微专题课。春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型，必须切实收到实效。首先，要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜，打铁要趁热，每次考试以后，要对班级考试情况了如指掌，充分了解易错点、易考点，这样讲评时，才能有所侧重，才能有针对性地攻克重难点。其次，要规范讲评流程。针对错误率高或重点考察的试题，教师引导出方法思路；再由学生个人进行自评自纠，小组讨论展示，找出得分原因和失分原因，真正弄清楚解题思路。师生合作
再对解题思路进行再归纳总结，写到纸上记录下来，强化验证结果。三是克服“漏斗思维”。所谓“漏斗思维”，就是：今天正在学，突然有事不继续了，明天已经忘记一大部分，后天想起来，继续学，但是忘记的一大部分似乎又需要重新开始，周而复始，积累数月，结果是仅仅只有一点点的内容，而且是在同一个地方循环往复。对于常错、常考的知识点，要经常复习，要不就如同漏斗一样慢慢溜掉。尤其是对于已经进行过的专题训练、变式训练，不能认为进行过一次、两次就万事大吉，要每隔2周进行“回头看”，把学生的易错题重新编辑，归类整理后附上分析讲解印发给学生，克服漏斗思维，反复夯实专题训练的知识点。
三、学生训练务必得法。教师的教学能力最终要转化为学生的学习能力，对高三学生而言，就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。一是严格限时训练。限时训练就是让学生在规定时间内做完训练题目，既训练速度，又锻炼准确度。限时训练可短可长，可以是课前十分钟，可以是一节课，但必须坚决做到即练即评，长期坚持，通过教师评阅提升学生答题速度和效度，做到日日清，周周清，月月清，适应高考临场答题要求。二是严格规范答题。要认真研究高考原题和高考答案，根据学生的答题情况认真进行比对。要把学生在考试时的原生态答卷原汁原味地展示出来，再让学生自己对照答案进行打分、评价，找出与标准答案的差距，小组内相互交流、讨论，制定答题标准模板，保证将来一分不丢。三是突出变式训练。对于临界生的典型错题或遗漏知识点，要进行变式训练，一题多变进行训练，把错题作为“母题”，至少进行一题五变以上，让学生写出每道题的解题思路，最后总结出此类变式的特点和解题入手点。教师必须要把变式训练当做作业认真批改，带领学生共同验证解题思路，形成答题的基本思路。四是落实“作业自助餐”。对学生要进行分类指导，不能一刀切，尤其是对于清北临界生和一本临界生，学校应高度重视临界生转化工作。要把握好临界生的学科短板，制定好
辅导、转化和提升的具体措施，要实行面批面改，落实“作业自助餐”。针对不同的高频错题，由教师分别独立设置变式训练题，也就是A错题出至少5道变式训练，独立印刷；B错题再出5道变式训练，独立印刷；C错题也出5道变式训练，独立印刷；学生可以根据自己的错题，自主领取对应的变式训练题，通过针对性训练补齐学科或知识短板，提升整体备考效益。五是强化精神激励。高三学生学习任务重，压力大，师生缺乏必要交流，学生容易出现心理焦虑、缺乏归属感等心理问题。为此，要对高三年级学生多鼓励，多表扬。大人总想听好听话，学生也是如此，越是鼓励越有劲，因老师的一句话、一个眼神而改变一生命运的事例不胜枚举。教师要不吝赞美，从情绪上、从情感上调动学生学习积极性。
高考前30天冲刺复习方法： 英语
一、英语听力：要坚持每天听1、调整并保持听力状态很重要。建议考前，考生要保持每天20分钟的听力练习量。
2、真题最好反复演练。最后的30天，主要应该听去年各省市的高考听力试题和仿真度比较高的今年各市一模、二模试题。
3、听写训练。做一些真题的听写训练。基本方法，先整体听一遍，然后听一句写一句，坚持听写完为止，然后再对照原文，检查自己错在哪里。另外值得一提的是，在正式考试中，做完所有听力20道选择题后，一般来说，没有百分之百的把握，不要轻易改动第一次做好的答案。据统计，第一次选择往往比改动后的选择更可靠。
二、词汇语法：坚持每天复习一部分
在单项选择题上，适当做题是必要的，但不要采用题海战术。匀些时间看以前的听课笔记、讲义、以前做错的题目(错题集)也是复习该题型很好的方法。尤其要把做过的一些题，特别是错题，反复地看，同时简单的题要总结规律，难题记死记牢即可。要重视语境题、时态题、动词短语相关的单选题。关于语法，最近几年的高考在淡化语法，但并不是完全不考，而是以交际的方式考查，所以复习语法专题的同时要注意交际方面的问题，要特别注意从语境和语意中来解决语法问题。语法重点要掌握时态、非谓语动词以及定语从句三大块的内容。 三、完形填空：每天要保证做一篇1、培养语感。如何来培养语感呢？这里给同学们提一个成功学生使用过的、正确提高语感的方法：把去年的所有完形填空题正确答案填上，然后大声朗读，不要求背诵但是至少要能做到熟练朗读。在朗读中，慢慢领悟。
2、坚持训练。每天要保证做一篇，这是量上的一个要求。还要把做错的做出标记，重点记忆。应重视文章的整体性和逻辑性。完形填空的过程就是由已知信息推出未知信息的过程。 四、阅读理解：重中之重
阅读理解是高考的重头戏，提高成绩，阅读理解是关键。考试临近也要坚持阅读。与其陷入题海，不如抽出20-30分钟阅读英文篇章。
1、阅读训练不停歇。在冲刺阶段，应多进行一些限时训练，通常每五篇阅读材料作为一组，在35到40分钟里完成。这样既可以保证考场上充沛的阅读精力和体力，又可以营造考试的氛围，还提高了阅读速度。
2、阅读文章要复习。提倡在复习阅读的过程中对三点进行注意：单词、语法点以及复杂句。平时的阅读复习，在做完题目后要坚持每天读过几篇后，认真分析1-2篇。
3、把过去老出现错误的归纳一下，看哪类题自己容易错，重点对付该类题。需要注意的是读文章应力求题材多样化，科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等，但如果生词太多，影响理解或过于难懂的文章，则不应花更多的时间。 五、对话填空，认真练习应该比短文改错更容易拿分
对话填空要填写的十个单词本身不会太难拼写，不会超过2000单词表，所以虽然是新题型也不必恐惧。其实质上也是一种完形填空题，解题关键是要对所给的对话有一个整体把握，通读全篇对话，弄清谈话的语境及内容。 六、作文：考前至少精练10篇
重点背一些连词和英语固定表达的句型，以及常用的短语和有特点的动词词组。在写作的时候可以采用一些写作的套路。每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的？主体时态用什么时态？人称用第几人称？可以分几段，之间用什么过渡词、连接词？带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内容，然后列出提纲。最后丰富自己的提纲就可以了。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容